Analysis of the breeding gene pool of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) by genes associated with pre-har- vest sprouting resistance

This study investigated the modern gene pool of winter bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) based on the allelic state of the TaMFT-3A, TaMKK3-A, TaMYB10 (R-1) and TaVp-B1 genes associated with preharvest sprouting (PHS) resistance.

The polymorphism of analyzed material was detected by the TaMKK3-A and TaVp-B1 genes. By the TaMKK3-A gene, 15 accessions (50 %) carried the PhsS-allele, and 15 (50 %) had the PhsR-allele. By the TaVp-B1 gene, 6 accessions (20 %) exhibited the PhsS-allele, while 14 (80 %) possessed the PhsR-allele. The breeding material was monomorphic by the TaMFT-3A and TaMYB10 (R-1) genes. At the SNP –222 locus of TaMFT-3A, all accessions carried the PhsS-allele. Additionally, all samples displayed a distinct red grain color, associated with the presence of PhsR-alleles of the TaMYB10 (R-1) gene. As a result of the DNA marking of the modern wheat gene pool for the TaMFT-3A, TaMKK3-A, and TaVp-B1 genes, along with the visual grain color assessment (TaMYB10 (R-1)), 14 potentially most PHS-resistant accessions were identified, carrying the most favorable allelic combinations by all the genes analyzed.

The data obtained can be applied in the practical breeding of winter bread wheat for improved preharvest sprouting resistance.

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