The synanthropic ecological complex of vertebrate animals is defined by topical and reproductive qualitative criteria. Also the assessment of relative number of this species in residential ecosystems (settlements) and natural biotopes of the Belarusian Polesie is given. Species of vertebrate animals are classified in three groups: synanthropic, sporadically-synanthropic, eurytopic-synanthropic in the context of synanthropic process. Synanthropic ecological complex formed by species that specific to residential ecosystems, the relative number of individuals or groups (colonies) in reproductive period in areas of residential ecosystems reliable above, than in similar areas of natural ecosystems are united. Synanthropic species in total with sporadically-synanthropic and eurytopic-synanthropic species are forming the animal (synanthropic) population of residential ecosystems. Reproductive areas of the population of vertebrate animals in residential territiries are provided by 5 categories: the technical; agro-residential; bush-residential; tree-residential; waterside-residential. In modern conditions of the region 60 species are carried to the synanthropic, including amphibians – 3 species, birds – 35 species, mammals – 22). 101 species of land vertebrate animals are carried to sporadically-synanthropic species.

Article describes the general structure of the aerial part of the plant highbush blueberry based on the results of long-term stationary observations. It shows the features of architectonic generative plant of 20 highbush blueberry cultivars and 3 cultivars of half-highbush blueberry, introduced in Belarus. 20-year-old plants of highbush blueberry reach a height of 1.4–2.1 m, and half-highbush blueberry – 1.3–1.7 m depending on the type in case of Belarus. Plant height of most cultivars of highbush blueberry and half-highbush under item introductions slightly higher than that in the conditions of their homeland, which testifies to the successful implementation of one of the indicators of adaptive capacity in the case of Belarus.

There has been shown a positive impact of physiologically active preparations of organic origin Stimpo, HB-101 and Arid Grow on growth and development of seedlings of ornamental woody plants. The greatest efficiency of Stimpo preparation has been observed in conditions of simultaneous watering and sprinkling of seedlings and sprigs. A positive impact of using Arid Grow preparation has been greater in case of foliage species.

The results of inventory of artificial cenopopulations of rare plants of natural flora in the conditions of the Central Botanical Garden of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus (CBG) are presented. 24 artificial and 2 spontaneous cenopopulations of 16 plant species were inventoried and mapped on CBG territory. All cenopopulations were classified into 4 groups: successfully naturalized and invasive developing (п = 9 cenopopulations), inferior cenopopulations under anthropogenic exposure (п = 7), newly created cenopopulations (п = 8) and spontaneous cenopopulations (п = 2). 6 cenopopulations of Astrantia major L. (п = 3), Drymocallis rupestris (L.) Sojk (п = 1), Iris aphylla L. (п = 1), Vicia pisiformis L. (п = 1) are belonging to the category of critically endangered species (CR). 3 cenopopulations of Clematis recta L. (п = 1) иand Hedera helix L. (п = 2) are belonging to the category of endangered species (EN). 5 cenopopulations of Allium ursinum L. (п = 2), Aruncus dioicus (Walter) Fernald (п = 2), Pulmonaria mollis Wulfen ex Hornem. (п = 1) are belonging to the category of vulnerable species (VU). 6 cenopopulations of Campanula latifolia L. (п = 1), Iris sibirica L. (п = 1), Lilium martagon L. (п = 1), Lunaria rediviva L. (п = 3) are belonging to the category of near threatened species (NT). The cenopopulations of Digitalis grandiflora Mill. (п = 1), Geranium phaeum L. (п = 1), Epipactis helleborine (L.) Crantz (п = 1), Hepatica nobilis Mill. (п = 1), Matteuccia struthiopteris (L.) Tod. (1), Tulipa sylvestris L. (п = 2) are categorised as conservation dependent species (CD). Ontogenetic spectra of cenopopulations studied were constructed and development stages of their groups and vital strategy peculiarity were detected. Individual vitality index (IVI) was estimated based on morphological characteristics of individual plants composing cenopopulations. Vitality of all artificial cenopopulations entered into natural phytocenosis was identified as prosper type. Two cenopopulations were assessed to have depressive vitality type.

The study of the genetic diversity of 86 representatives of the genus Ribes cultivated in Belarus using 8 SSR markers was held. It is shown that the varieties of black currant, red currant and gooseberry grown in Belarus, is characterized by high diversity of microsatellite loci. The average number of alleles per locus among the 86 samples was 12.1. The average number of unique genotypes per marker was 26.4. The value of discriminatory power for all markers was high with average number 0.8. Samples belonging to different species formed distinct clusters in the dendrogram of phylogenetic similarity. Genetically closest to black currant were josta, Golden currant, Alpine currant. At a greater genetic distance were red currants. Varieties of gooseberries form a cluster that is most distant from currant species. Analysis of alleles distribution at the investigated loci of microsatellite sequences revealed that red currant and gooseberry varieties have different SSR-alleles from black currant varieties. The number of alleles detected only for red currant and gooseberry varieties ranged from 1 (loci g2-G12, g1-M0) to 5 (locus E4D03). Based on the analysis of SSR-locus polymorphism, a set of 8 markers was generated that allow DNA-identification of Ribes genotypes. For selection the set of markers the level of information value for each marker, the frequency of alleles occurrence and convenience of visualization and analysis of amplification products were taken into account. The method of SSR-analysis with using specified set of markers can be successfully applied for identification of black currant, red currant and gooseberry varieties at the molecular level.

The leeches of the Neman River and its tributaries were studied. 12 species of leeches belonging to 2 orders (Rhynchobdellida, Arhynchobdellida) and 4 families were revealed: Glossiphoniidae – 7 species; Piscicolidae – 1; Hirudinidae – 1; Erpobdellidae – 3. Rare and protected species Hirudo medicinalis Linnaeus, 1758 and Glossiphonia verrucata (Fr. Müller, 1844) were found. The Neman River can play the role of the Biological Corridor of leeches between Central and Eastern Europe.

Ethylene is an essential plant hormone also known as a stress hormone because its synthesis is accelerated by induction of a variety of biotic and abiotic stress. The plant growth promoting bacteria containing the enzyme 1-aminocyclopropane-1- carboxylate deaminase (ACC-deaminase) enhances plant growth by decreasing ethylene level under stress conditions. The expression of ACC-deaminase (acdS) gene in transgenic plants is an alternative approach to overcome the ethylene-induced stress. Agrobacterium-mediated DNA transfer is currently the most facile and versatile method to deliver gene constructs into the nucleus for gene function analysis in diverse plant species. Transient gene expression via Agrobacteriummediated DNA transfer in different plant tissues offers a simple and fast method to analyze transgene functions. In present work, the acdS-gene was amplified by PCR and then cloned into pBI121 vector under the control of the cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) 35s promoter. Agrobacterium tumefaciens GV3101 strain harboring pBI121-acdS vector jointly with the helper strain 19К were used for Agrobacterium-mediated leaf infiltration in Nicotiana benthamiana to infect 3-weeks-old plants. Monitoring of transient expression efficiency at 3 days post-infection was conducted by plant RNA extraction and RT-PCR. RNA was extracted from Nicotiana’s infiltrated zones and an amount of 1 μg total RNA was used to synthesize first-strand cDNA and then RT-PCR.

The stoichiometric analysis of Cladocera and Copepods from four different habitats of Obsterno mesotrophic lake in Belarus have been conducted in September 2016 using a method based on X-ray microanalysis, Phenom Prox Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) with an elemental detection system (EDS), for measurement of atomic weight fractions of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus elements in a designated area of zooplankton tissues. Phenom Prox SEM/EDS provided atomic weight percent of C:N, C:P, N:P ratios for Cladocera in pelagial, rush beds and nymphaea and for Copepods in pelagial, bare littoral, rush beds and nymphaea respectively. For Cladocera, the content of carbon in tissues was significantly higher in pelagial than in rush beds and nymphaea habitats (p < 0.01), opposite to nitrogen and phosphorous which contents were significantly lower in the pelagial (p < 0.01) comparing with other habitats. In the case of Copepods contents of carbon and nitrogen in their tissues did not differ between habitats. Significant among habitats differences were found for phosphorus – its content was significantly higher in Copepods from pelagial than from nymphaea habitat (p < 0.01).The purpose of this research is to determine the main biochemical elements content in zooplankton samples for different biotopes and to assess the elemental composition.

Results on the contents of ascorbic acid and flavonoids in tuber dioscorea received on ion-exchange substrate modified humidity using hydrogels of different composition. It was shown that the ion-exchange substrate, a modified by 1 g/l, dioscorea plants were able to accumulate the highest dry matter, starch, ascorbic acid and flavonoids that may be used for practical purposes.

The regularities of dynamics of productivity of pine crops in connection with a change in the light regime under the canopy of plants. According to the analysis of the use of atmospheric nitrogen in the formation of the photosynthetic apparatus of plants, living ground cover and tree populations is given schematic diagram of the mechanism of differentiation of woody species in the pine. It is shown that the process of differentiation of trees is mainly dependent on the active fertility of the soil formed by the autotrophic bacteria.

The article presents the results of scientific research to determine the most perspective, introduced from local flora of Azerbaijan and foreign countries ornamental trees, shrubs and herbaceous plants. The bioecological features of these plants have been studied. It is established that the latter are well adapted in the conditions of Azerbaijan and can be used in landscaping for the design of parks, gardens, squares by creating various compositions. Decorative compositions of various forms were created on the territory of the arboretum and the city of Baku, mainly in regular and landscape style. In the center of the composition, as a rule, tall, evergreen trees and bushes are planted, along the edges there are short, perennial, annual herbaceous plants. Decorative compositions also play a big role in protecting the environment, ensuring environmental safety in the urban environment and proper rest. The conducted researches create the scientific base of green building on the basis of the principle of ecologization.

The review of literature data and own results of the authors on skin structure, and skin structural components epidermis, derma and hypoderm are given. The special attention for derma intercellular matrix and role of fibroblasts in its shaping was paid. The methods of isolation and cultivation of fibroblasts and collagen isolation from connective tissue and development prospects of this biotechnology direction were described. The creation of artificial derma and tissue equivalents and its application in clinic praxis to treat the skin damages under the action of chemical and physical factors were considered.

This review (consisting of 2 parts) deals with the subjects of nature, properties, organization and functioning of the circadian rhythm and its importance in the regulation of physiological processes. Molecular and genetic aspects of the biological clock and its interrelation with lipid metabolism are also considered. Metabolic circadian rhythms are among the most important processes in an organism. There is a direct relationship between synchronicity and the processes of regulation of synthesis, absorption and secretion of lipids. The connection is observed at several levels: biochemical, molecular and genetic. Particular attention is paid to the influence of the circadian rhythm on the functioning and structure of skin and fat tissues which, in its turn, have autonomous circadian oscillators. In this case, the watch genes regulate the activity of numerous tissue-specific genes, thereby translating the daily information into physiologically significant signals. Considerable part of the article is devoted to the issues of desynchronizes, its causes and consequences. Diurnal disorders caused by external or internal factors can lead to disruption of the organism’s regulatory systems, which represents the development of metabolic disorders and tissue damage, which, in turn, can lead to maladaptation of the organism.

In vitro collection of and DNA bank of rare and endemic plant species of wild flora of Belarus and Russia on the basis of natural sources and existing collections in EurAsEC countries were developed. Collections were established for the purpose of conservation, reintroduction and development of industrial use. Optimization of nutrient media for the tissue culture propagation and the deposit of rare and endemic plants species, including medicinal is carried out. Seeds and meristem of several rare species were deposited to Cryobank of the Institute of Plant Physiology named after K.A.Timiryazev of Russian Academy of Sciences for the long-term storage. Methods for assessing the genetic diversity parameters (GD) of natural populations of protected natural flora for inclusion in the collection and preservation and maintenance of optimal parameters of the GR were developed and applied. Data records on plants are deposited in retrieval system ‘Hortus Botanicus Centralis – Info’.