Modern structure and state of vegetation on the routes of pipeline and electric transmission lines

Ecological-floristic and phytocenotic analysis of vegetation on routes of oil-, gas-and otherproductpipelines and electric transmission lines was carried out. Ecological and geobotanical research of the structure and state of vegetation was carried out with the use of the method of ecological-phytocenotic profiles or transects. A total 72 transects with 450 sample plots were placed. It was found out that building and maintenance of pipelines and electric transmission lines is a catastrophic factor for the vegetation cover in general and for functioning of natural ecosystems, especially forest ecosystems. Meadow ecosystems are characterized by a lesser transformation of phytocenoses (especially under electric transmission lines) and by the fastest demutation succession due to the genefond of local herbs. The regularity of synanthropization of plant communities in all ecosystems with routes of pipelines and electric transmission lines was noted: the concentration of synanthropes, including invasive advents, is the greatest on the open space of the routes (in the center) and decreases sharply with distance from it. Grassy plants dominate along pipelines and electric transmission lines, while trees and shrubs get activated in case of insufficient care. In the absence of mowing and plowing the development of trees and shrubs is accompanied by an abundance of large grasses. Routes of pipelines and electric transmission lines are polygones and migration channels for segetals-explerents, expansion ruderals and invasive plant species. On these routes 90 invasions were revealed. At the same time there are the best opportunities for the development of grass communities on these routes, including rare and unique communities, subject to appropriate measures for the care of these areas (not continuous plowing, regular mowing, cutting of undergrowth and shrubs). The state and prospects of development of vegetation on routes of pipelines and electric transmission lines are directly dependent on the quality of their servicing, including uprooting and plowing.

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