Improving the quality and disease resistance of planting material when treating with growth regulators

In the research work performed, the influence of the growth regulators Ecosil Plus, Ecosil Mix, and the nanoplant Nanoplant, as well as composite compositions based on them on the growth and development of pine and spruce seedlings was studed The effect of drugs and protective-stimulating compositions on the degree of infection of planting material by phytopathogenic fungi, on changes in physiological and biochemical parameters of disease resistance and on biometric indicators of seedlings has been studied.

As a result of laboratory studies, a positive effect of growth regulating substances based on the Ecosil growth regulator on the initial development of pine and spruce seedlings after presowing treatment was revealed. On the development of the root system, Ecosil Mix provided greater efficiency, causing an increase in the length of the main root by 39 and 56 % for pine and spruce, respectively. And Ekosil Plus more strongly influenced the formation of the above ground part of seedlings, raising the height of plants by 14 % in pine and by 26 % in spruce.

Foliar treatments of pine and spruce seedlings grown under laboratory conditions with various forms of growth regulators based on the Ekosila growth regulator induced adaptive physiological and biochemical processes in plants. In needles of pine and spruce under their influence, the amount of pigments increased on average by 50-60 %. The level of lipid peroxidation of membranes and the yield of water-soluble substances decreased in plants by 30-50 %, which indicates the membranotropic effect of growth regulators.

Based on the laboratory selection, it was found that for foliar treatment of plants it is preferable to use Ecosil Mix (1.0 l/ha), Ecosil Plus (1.5 l/ha) and Nanoplant (0.1 l/ha) which during the two vegetation periods were investigated in the nurseries of Molodechno and Klichev forestry. Studies conducted in the conditions of open and closed ground showed that all the studied growth regulators and their mixtures have a positive effect on the growth of seedlings, as well as improve the physiological and biochemical indicators of disease resistance.

1. State Program "Belarusian Forest" for 2016-2020. Available at: http://178.124.138.77/docs/official/Bel_les/Belorys-skii_les_2016-2020.pdf (accessed 02.09.2020) (in Russian).

2. Volkovich A. P., Nosnikov V. V. Intensive technologies for planting and reforestation. Minsk, Belarusian State Technological University, 2015. 75 p. (in Russian).

3. Malashevich D. G., Dashkevich Е. A. Forestry of the Republic of Belarus: current state and strategic directions. Aktual’nyeproblemy lesnogo kompleksa [Actual problems of the forest complex], 2016, no. 46, pp. 31-35 (in Russian).

4. Sectoral program on the cultivation of planting material with a closed root system in the organizations of the Ministry of Forestry of the Republic of Belarus for the period up to 2020. Lesnoe i okhotnich’e khozyaistvo [Forestry and hunting], 2014, no. 7, pp. 18-30 (in Russian).

5. Babkov A. V., Zavadskaya M. I., Fando G. P. Influence of growth stimulants on the biometric indicators of European spruce seedlings in a forest nursery. Fitogormony, guminovye veshchestva i drugie bioratsional’nye pestitsidy v sel’skom khozyaistve: sbornik materialov 7-i Mezhdunarodnnoi konferentsii molodykh uchenykh (02-04 noyabrya 2011 goda, Minsk) [Phytohormones, humic substances and other bio-rational pesticides in agriculture: collection of materials the 7th International conference of young scientists (02-04 November 2011, Minsk)]. Minsk, 2011, pp. 23-25 (in Russian).

6. Geography of Belarus. Available at: https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/География_Белоруссии (accessed 17.06.2019) (in Russian).

7. Ekosil. Available at: https://ecosil.by (accessed 13.06.019) (in Russian).

8. Nanoplant. Available at: http://nanoplant.by (accessed 14.06.2019) (in Russian).

9. State Standard 13056.6-97. Seeds of trees and shrubs. Germination method. Moscow, Publishing house of standards, 1998. 27 p. (in Russian).

10. State Standard 3317-90. Seedlings of trees and shrubs. Technical conditions. Moscow, Publishing house of standards, 1991. 47 p. (in Russian).

11. Pochinok, Kh. N. Methods of biochemical analysis ofplants. Kiev, Naukova dumka Publ., 1976. 334 p. (in Russian).

12. Shalygo N. V. Chlorophyll biosynthesis and photodynamic processes in plants. Minsk, Pravo i ekonomika Publ., 2004. 155 p. (in Russian).

13. Titova M. S. Content of the pigments as an indicator of adaptation of the photosynthetic apparatus of introduced species of the Pinus. Estestvennye i tekhnicheskie nauki [Natural and technical sciences], 2012, no. 6, pp. 103-104 (in Russian).

14. Merzlyak M. N. Activated oxygen and oxidative processes in the membranes of plant cells. Itogi nauki i tekhniki VINITI. Seriya fiziologiya rastenii [Results of science and technology VINITI. Plant physiology series], 1989, vol. 6, pp. 1-168 (in Russian).