CONSERVATION OF RARE PLANTS IN THE ASEPTIC COLLECTION AND DNA BANK OF THE CENTRAL BOTANICAL GARDEN OF NAS OF BELARUS

In vitro collection of and DNA bank of rare and endemic plant species of wild flora of Belarus and Russia on the basis of natural sources and existing collections in EurAsEC countries were developed. Collections were established for the purpose of conservation, reintroduction and development of industrial use. Optimization of nutrient media for the tissue culture propagation and the deposit of rare and endemic plants species, including medicinal is carried out. Seeds and meristem of several rare species were deposited to Cryobank of the Institute of Plant Physiology named after K.A.Timiryazev of Russian Academy of Sciences for the long-term storage. Methods for assessing the genetic diversity parameters (GD) of natural populations of protected natural flora for inclusion in the collection and preservation and maintenance of optimal parameters of the GR were developed and applied. Data records on plants are deposited in retrieval system ‘Hortus Botanicus Centralis – Info’.

endangered species, native flora, botanical collection, aseptic cultures, in vitro, genetic diversity, genetic passports, DNA banking, accessions, database, information retrieval system, HBC-Info

1. Mamaeva N. A., Vetchinkina E. M., Gorbunov, Yu. N., Molkanova, O. I. Preservation of plants in genetic banks in vitro: advantages and disadvantages. Biulleten’ gosudarstvennogo botanicheskogo sada [Bulletin of the State Botanical Garden], 2008, iss. 194, pp. 141–149. (in Russian).

2. Belokurova V. B., Listvan E. V., Maistrov P. D., Sikura J. J., Gleba Y. Y., Kuchuk N. V. Use of plant biotechnology methods for the conservation and study of the biodiversity of the World flora. Tsitologiia i genetika [Cytology and Genetics], 2005, no. 1, pp. 41–51. (in Russian).

3. Reed B. M., Sarasan V., Kane M., Bunn E., Pence V. C. Biodiversity conservation and conservation biotechnology tools. In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology-Plant, 2011, vol. 47, no. 1, p. 1–4. doi:10.1007/s11627-010-9337-0.

4. Reshetnikov V. N., Spiridovich E. V. Scientific and practical aspects for the development of plant biotechnology in the Republic of Belarus. Trudy Belorusskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Seriia: Fiziologicheskie, biokhimicheskie i mo-lekuliarnye osnovy funktsionirovaniia biosistem [Proceedings of the Belarusian State University. Series: Physiological, biochemical and molecular basis of functioning of biosystems], 2012, vol. 7, part 1, pp. 57–71. (in Russian).

5. Sarasan V., Cripps R., Ramsay M. M., Atherton C., McMichen M., Prendergast G., Rowntree J. K. Conservation in vitro of threatened plants – progress in the past decade. In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology-Plant, 2006, vol. 42, iss. 3, pp. 206–214. doi:10.1079/IVP2006769.

6. Paunescu A. Biotechnology for endangered plant conservation: a critical overview. Romanian Biotechnological Letters, 2009, vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 4095–4103. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-09381-9_10.

7. Reed B. M, Engelmann F., Dulloo M.E., Engels J. M. M. Technical guidelines for the management of field and in vitro germplasm collections. IPGRI Handbooks for Genebanks No. 7, International Plant Genetic Resources Institute, Rom, 2004. 106 p.

8. Reed B. M., Sarasan, V., Kane M., Bunn E., Pence V. C. Biodiversity conservation and conservation biotechnology tools. In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology-Plant, 2011, vol. 47, no. 1, pp. 1–4. doi:10.1007/s11627-010-9337-0.

9. Barnicoat H., Cripps R., Kendon J., Sarasan V. Conservation in vitro of rare and threatened ferns – case studies of biodiversity hotspot and island species. In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology-Plant, 2011, vol. 47, no. 1, pp. 37–45.

10. Genebank Standards for Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Rome, 2014. 182 p.

11. Korir N. K., Han J., Shangguan L., Wang C., Kayesh E., Zhang Y., Fang J. Plant variety and cultivar identification: advances and prospects. Critical Reviews in Biotechnology, 2013, vol. 33, no. 2, pp. 111–125.

12. De Vicente М. С. Collecting DNA for conservatio : chapter 40. Crop Genebank BaseKnowledge. Stengthening capacity to manage genebanks. Available at:

13. https://cropgenebank.sgrp.cgiar.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=667 (accessed: 12. 04.2017).

14. Hodkinson T. R., Waldren S., Parnell J. A., Kelleher C. T., Salamin K., Salamin N. DNA banking for plant breeding, biotechnology and biodiversity evaluation. Journal of Plant Research, 2007, vol. 120, no. 1, pp. 17–29.

15. Karp A., Seberg O., Buiatti M. Molecular Techniques in the Assessment of Botanical Diversity. Annals of Botany, 1996, vol. 78, pp. 143–149.

16. Bridson G. D. R., Forman L. The Herbarium Handbook Royal, Botanic Gardens. Kew, 1992. 303 p.

17. Savolainen V., Reeves G. A plea for DNA banking. Science, 2004, vol. 304, pp. 1445.

18. Dempster E. L., Pryor K. V., Francis D., Young J. E., Rogers H. J. Rapid DNA extraction from ferns for PCR-based analyses. Biotechniques, 1999, vol. 27, no. 1, pp. 66–68.

19. Rjabushkina N. A., Omasheva M. E., Galiakparov N. N. Specificity of DNA isolation from plant objects. Biotehnologija. Teorija i praktika [Biotechnology. Theory and practice], 2012, no. 2, pp. 9–26. (in Russian).

20. Spiridovich E. V., Vlasava A. B., Fomenko T. I., Kozlova O. N., Vainovskaia I. F., Iukhimuk A. N., Kuz’menkova S. M., Reshetnikov V. N. Aseptic collections and DNA bank of rare plants of the Central Botanical Garden of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus. Problemy sokhraneniia biologicheskogo raznoobraziia i ispol’zovaniia biologicheskikh resursov : materialy Mezhdunarodnoi nauchnoi konferentsii [Problems of conservation of biological diversity and use of biological resources: Proceedings of the International scientific сonference], Minsk, 2015, pp. 473–478. (in Russian).

21. Vainovskaia I. F., Fomenko T. I. Development of biotechnology methods for the conservation and reproduction of Iris sibirica L. (Fam. Introduktsiia, sokhranenie i ispol’zovanie biologicheskogo raznoobraziia mirovoi flory : materialy jubileinoi konferentsii, posviashchennoi 80-letiiu Tsentral’nogo batanicheskogo sada Natsional’noi akademii nauk Belarusi [Introduction, conservation and use of the biological diversity of the world’s flora: Materials of the jubilee conference dedicated to the 80th anniversary of the Central Botanical Garden of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus]. Minsk, 2012, pp. 384–387. (in Russian).

22. Kozlova O. N., Fomenko T. I. Development of asymbotic cultivation methods for conservation of rare species of orchids in Belarus. Sovremennoe sostoianie, tendentsii razvitiia, ratsional’noe ispol’zovanie i sokhranenie biologicheskogo

23. raznoobraziya rastitel’nogo mira: materialy mezhdunarodnoi nauchnoi konferentsii, Minsk–Naroch’[Current state, development trends, rational use and conservation of the biological diversity of the plant world: materials International scientific сonference, Minsk–Naroch]. Minsk, 2014, pp. 332–334. (in Russian).

24. Kozlova O. N. In vitro culture of temperate climate orchids in the Central Botanical Garden of the NAS of Belarus. Teoreticheskie i prikladnye aspekty biokhimii i biotekhnologii rastenii : sbornik nauchnykh trudov III Mezhdunarodnoi nauchnoi konferentsii [Theoretical and applied aspects of plant biochemistry and biotechnology: сollection of scientific proceedings of the III International scientific conference]. Minsk, 2008, pp. 252–256. (in Russian).

25. Kozlova O. N., Andrievskaia E. V., Shirvel’ V. V. Optimizing the conditions of initiating aseptic cultures of two protected species of orchids Liparis loeselii (L.) Rich. и Listera ovata (L.) R. Br. Okhrana i kul’tivirovanie orkhidei : sbornik statei Х Mezhdunarodnoi nauchno-prakticheskoi konferentsii [Protection and cultivation of orchids: a collection of articles of the Х International scientific and рractical сonference]. Minsk, 2015, pp. 92–95. (in Russian).

26. Berdichevets L. G., Berdichevets I. N., Maljush M. K., Fomenko T. I. Morphogenesis and microclonal propagation in vitro culture of representatives of the genus Digitalis L. Biologiia kletok rastenii in vitro i biotekhnologiia: tezisy Ix Mezhdunarodnoi nauchnoi konferentsii [Biology of plant cells in vitro and biotechnology: theses of the IX International scientific conference]. Zvenigorod, 2008, p. 44. (in Russian).

27. Fomenko T. I., Berdichevets L. G. Development of methods for depositing of Digitalis purpurea L. Biotekhnologicheskie priemy v sokhranenii bioraznoobraziia i selektsii rastenii : sbornik statei Mezhdunarodnoi nauchnoi konferentsii [Biotechnological methods in the conservation of biodiversity and plant breeding: collection of works International scientific conferencе]. Minsk, 2014, p. 240. (in Russian).

28. Kruchonok A. V., Kozlova O. N., Bedulenko M. A. New location of a rare species of plant Ophrys insectifera L. (Orchidaceae Juss.) in Vitebsk region. Rastitel’nost’ bolot: sovremennye problemy klassifikatsii, kartografirovaniia, ispol’ zovaniia i okhrany : materialy II Mezhdunarodnogo nauchnogo seminara [Vegetation of marshes: current problems Classification, mapping, use and protection: materials II International scientific seminar], Natsional’naia akademiia nauk Belarusi, Institut eksperimental’noi botaniki imeni V. F. Kuprevicha Natsional’noi akademii nauk Belarusi, Belorusskoe botaniche skoe obshchestvo [National academy of Sciences of Belarus, Institute of Experimental Botany named after V. F. Kuprevich of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Belarusian Botanical Society], Minsk, 2015, pp. 65–67. (in Russian).

29. Vlasava A. B., Yuhimuk A. N., Tuhfatullina M. S., Dzhus M. A., Vlasov B. P. Multilocus DNA-fingerprinting (RAPD and ISSR) as a basis for integrated assessment of the population-genetic resources of rare plant species. Ozernye ekosistemy: biologicheskie protsessy, antropogennaia transformatsiia, kachestvo vody = Lake ecosystems: biological processes, antropogenic transformation, water quality : abstracts of the IV International scientific сonference, Minsk–Naroch, Belarusian State University, Faculty of Biology, Scientific and Research Laboratory of Hydroecology, Educational and Scientific Center «Narochanskaya Biological Station named after G. G. Vinberg», Ministry of Natural Resources and Environmental Protection of the Republic of Belarus, National Park «Narochansky». Minsk, Publishing Center of the Belarusian State University, 2011, pp. 52–53. (in Russian).

30. Vlasava A. B., Iukhimuk A. N., Tukhfatullina M. S. Laboratory regulations on methods of genetic monitoring of populations of rare and protected plant species using molecular markers (RAPD and ISSR). Tsentral’nyi botanicheskii sad Natsional’noi akademii nauk Belarusi [Central Botanical Garden of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus]. Minsk, 2012, 19 p. (in Russian).

31. Brown A. H. D., Briggs J. D. Sampling Strategies for Genetic. Genetics and conservation of rare plants, Falk D. A., Holsinger K. E. (eds), New York, Oxford University Press,1991, pp. 99–119.

32. Hodkinson T. R., Waldren S., Parnell J. A., Kelleher C. T., Salamin K., Salamin N. DNA banking for plant breeding, biotechnology and biodiversity evaluation. Journal of Plant Research, 2007, vol. 120, no. 1, pp. 17–29. doi:10.1007/s10265-006-0059-7.

33. Schaal B., Leverich W. Population genetic issues in ex situ plant conservation. Ex situ plant conservation. Washing-ton, Island Press, 2004, pp. 267–285.

34. Spiridovich E. V., Fomenko T. I., Vlasova A. B., Vajnovskaja I. F., Juhimuk A. N., Reshetnikov V. N. In vitro collection and DNA bank of rare plant species in the Central Botanical Garden of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus. Biotekhnologiia kak instrument sokhraneniia bioraznoobraziia rastitel’nogo mira (fiziologo-biokhimicheskie, embriologicheskie, geneticheskie i pravovye aspekty) : materialy VII Mezhdunarodnoi nauchno-prakticheskoi konferentsii, posviashchennoi 30-letiiu otdela biotekhnologii rastenii Nikitskogo botanicheskogo sada [Biotechnology as a tool for the conservation of plant biodiversity (physiological, biochemical, embryological, genetic and legal aspects): materials of the VII International scientific and practical conference on the 30th anniversary of the biotechnology department of the Nikitsky Botanical Garden]. Simferopol, 2016, pp. 160–161. (in Russian).

35. Vlasava N. B., Michener D. C., Yukhimuk A. N., Gaishun V. V., Bryant R., Agabalaeva E. D., Spiridovich E. V. Genetic differentiation of historic cultivars of herbacious Paeonia based on SRAP markers: documentation and conservation of botanic collections. Works of the State Nikitski Botanical Garden, 2014, vol. 139, pp. 187–199.

36. Kuzmenkova S. M., Nosylovsky O. A., Zavadskaya L. V., Volodko I. K. The experience of creating the information retrieval system HBC-Info in the Central Botanical Garden of the NAS of Belarus. Introduktsiia, sokhranenie i ispol’zovanie biologicheskogo raznoobraziia mirovoi flory = Assessment, Conservation and Sustainable Use of Plant Biological Diversity: materials of the International Conference dedicated to the 80th anniversary of the Central Botanical Garden of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, in Titok V. V. (ed.), ets., National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Central Botanical Garden. Minsk, 2012, vol. 2, part 1, pp. 163–167. (in Russian).