Ultrastructural organization of the caudal fin of the blue gourami (Trichogaster trichopterus Pallas)
https://doi.org/10.29235/1029-8940-2026-71-3-250-264
Abstract
A histological and electron microscopic study of the caudal fin structure of sub-adult blue gourami (Trichogaster trichopterus Pallas) was conducted. It was found that on frontal sections of the organ, the appearance of both lepidotrichia and other structures differs significantly in its proximal, central and distal parts. The proximal part of the fin contains scales and interradial muscles, the central part contains only scales, and the aforementioned structures are absent distally. It was confirmed that the mechanical support of the caudal fin of gourami is provided not only by the set of lepidotrichia, but also by the associated interlayer system of collagen fiber, which are located in the space of loose connective tissue, connecting with the dermis and hemitrichia. In the interhemitrichial space, in the areas of the organ located both in its middle and at the distal edge, there are dense groups of specific fibroblasts, most of which are large in size, polygonal in shape, with large nuclei and clear cytoplasm. The following cells with centrioles have been identified in the caudal fin of gourami: epidermocytes of the basal and suprabasal layers of the epidermis, fibroblasts of connective tissue, Schwann cells, endothelial cells, myo- satellite cells, and large fibroblasts of the interhemitrichial space.
About the Authors
A. A. Astrowski
Institute of Biochemistry of Biologically Active Compounds of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus
Belarus
Belarus
Aliaksandr A. Astrowski – D. Sc. (Med.), Professor, Leading Researcher
7, Antoni Tyzenhauz Sq., 230023, Grodno
T. A. Baradzina
Institute of Biochemistry of Biologically Active Compounds of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus
Belarus
Belarus
Tatsiana A. Baradzina – Researcher
7, Antoni Tyzenhauz Sq., 230023, Grodno
A. B. Astrowskaja
Grodno State Medical University
Belarus
Belarus
Aksana B. Astrowskaja – Ph. D. (Med.), Associate Professor, Senior Researcher
80, Gorkogo Str., 230009, Grodno
References
1. Vitellogenin receptor mediates heat adaptability of oocyte development in mud crabs and zebrafish / L. Zhang, K. Wu, H. Li [et al.] // Nature Communications. – 2025. – Vol. 16, N 1. – Art. 3722. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-59035-3
2. Cellular transitions during cranial suture establishment in zebrafish / D. T. Farmer, J. E. Dukov, H.-J. Chen [et al.] // Nature Communications. – 2024. – Vol. 15, N 1. – Art. 6948. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-50780-5
3. ABE-ultramax for high-efficiency biallelic adenine base editing in zebrafish / W. Qin, F. Liang, Sh.-J. Lin [et al.] // Nature Communications. – 2024. – Vol. 15, N 1. – Art. 5613. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-49943-1
4. The miR-144/Hmgn2 regulatory axis orchestrates chromatin organization during erythropoiesis / D. A. Kretov, L. Fol kes, A. Mora-Martin [et al.] // Nature Communications. – 2024. – Vol. 15, N 1. – Art. 3821. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-47982-2
5. Antigen presentation plays positive roles in the regenerative response to cardiac injury in zebrafish / J. Cardeira-da-Silva, Q. Wang, P. Sagvekar [et al.] // Nature Communications. – 2024. – Vol. 15, N 1. – Art. 3637. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467024-47430-1
6. Comparative transcriptomics coupled to developmental grading via transgenic zebrafish reporter strains identifies conserved features in neutrophil maturation / S. Kirchberger, M. R. Shoeb, D. Lazic [et al.] // Nature Communications. – 2024. – Vol. 15, N 1. – Art. 1792. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-45802-1
7. Kanungo, J. Special Issue “Zebrafish: A Model Organism for Human Health and Disease” // International Journal of Molecular Sciences. – 2025. – Vol. 26, N 10. – Art. 4624. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26104624
8. Marques, I. J. Model systems for regeneration: zebrafish / I. J. Marques, E. Lupi, N. Mercader // Development. – 2019. – Vol. 146, N 18. – Art. dev167692. https://doi.org/10.1242/dev.167692
9. Gene profile of zebrafish fin regeneration offers clues to kinetics, organization and biomechanics of basement membrane / P. Nauroy, A. Guiraud, J. Chlasta [et al.] // Matrix Biology. – 2019. – Vol. 75–76. – P. 82–101. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matbio.2018.07.005
10. Барулин, Н. В. Использование данио рерио (zebrafish) для оценки нейротоксичности веществ / Н. В. Барулин, А. О. Жарикова // Актуальные проблемы экологии: сб. науч. ст., посвящ. 60-летию фак. биологии и экологии: по итогам XIX Междунар. науч.-практ. конф. (Гродно, 1–4 окт. 2024 г.) / Гродн. гос. ун-т им. Я. Купалы; редкол.: О. В. Янчуревич (гл. ред.) [и др.]. – Гродно, 2024. – С. 152–154.
11. Developmental constraints on fin diversity / A. Enny, K. Flaherty, Sh. Mori [et al.] // Development, Growth and Differentiation. – 2020. – Vol. 62, N 5. – P. 311–325. https://doi.org/10.1111/dgd.12670
12. Hardy, A. R. Sensing the structural characteristics of surfaces: texture encoding by a bottom-dwelling fish / A. R. Hardy, M. E. Hale // Journal of Experimental Biology. – 2020. – Vol. 223, N 21. – Art. jeb227280. https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.227280
13. Old questions, new tools, and some answers to the mystery of fin regeneration / М.-А. Akimenko, M. Marí‐Beffa, J. Becerra, J. Géraudie // Developmental Dynamics. – 2003. – Vol. 226, N 2. – P. 190–201. https://doi.org/10.1002/dvdy.10248
14. Fine structure and histochemistry of the tail fin ray in teleosts / G. S. Montes, J. Becerra, O. M. S. Toledo [et al.] // Histochemistry. – 1982. – Vol. 75. – P. 363–376. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00496739
15. Structure of the tail fin in teleosts / J. Becerra, G. S. Montes, S. R. R. Bexiga, L. C. U. Junqueira // Cell and Tissue Research. – 1983. – Vol. 230. – P. 127–137. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00216033
16. Molecular and Cellular Basis of Regeneration and Tissue Repair / D. Pajalunga, A. Mazzola, A. Franchitto [et al.] // Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences. – 2007. – Vol. 65, N 1. – P. 8–15. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00018-007-7425-z
17. Loncarek, J. Building the right centriole for each cell type / J. Loncarek, M. Bettencourt-Dias // Journal of Cell Biology. – 2018. – Vol. 217, N 3. – P. 823–835. https://doi.org/10.1083/jcb.201704093
18. Kalbfuss, N. Towards understanding centriole elimination / N. Kalbfuss, P. Gönczy // Open Biology. – 2023. – Vol. 13, N 11. – Art. 230222. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsob.230222
19. Document 32010L0063. Directive 2010/63/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 22 September 2010 on the protection of animals used for scientific purposes Text with EEA relevance // EUR-Lex / European Union. – URL: https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2010/63/oj/eng (date of access: 16.02.2026).
20. Reynolds, E. S. The use of lead citrate at high pH as an electron-opaque stain in electron microscopy / E. S. Reynolds // The Journal of Cell Biology. – 1963. – Vol. 17, N 1. – P. 208–212. https://doi.org/10.1083/jcb.17.1.208
21. Flammang, B. E. The fish tail as a derivation from axial musculoskeletal anatomy: an integrative analysis of functional morphology / B. E. Flammang // Zoology. – 2014. – Vol. 117, N 1. – P. 86–92. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.zool.2013.10.001
22. Composition of Peripheral Blood Leukocytes of Pink Salmon Oncorhynchus gorbuscha and Chum Salmon O. keta (Salmonidae) during the Marine Life Period / I. I. Gordeev, L. V. Balabanova, T. A. Suvorova, D. V. Mikryakov // Journal of Ichthyology. – 2022. – Vol. 62, N 2. – P. 322–326. https://doi.org/10.1134/s0032945222020060
23. Hematological methods in fish – Not only for beginners / M. Witeska, E. Kondera, K. Ługowska, B. Bojarski // Aquaculture. – 2022. – Vol. 547. – Art. 737498. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2021.737498
24. Soft Texture of Atlantic Salmon Fillets Is Associated with Glycogen Accumulation / J. S. Torgersen, E. O. Koppang, L. H. Stien [et al.] // PLoS One. – 2014. – Vol. 9, N 1. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0085551
25. Analysis of Titin in Red and White Muscles: Crucial Role on Muscle Contractions Using a Fish Model / M.-P. Wu, N.-Ch. Chang, Ch.-L. Chung [et al.] // BioMed Research International. – 2018. – Vol. 2018, N 1. – Art. 5816875. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/5816875
26. Dietary carbohydrates influence muscle texture of olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus through impacting mitochondria function and metabolism of glycogen and protein / J. Liu, K. Deng, M. Pan [et al.] // Scientific Reports. – 2020. – Vol. 10, N 1. – Art. 21811. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-76255-3
27. Powell, R. L. Cultivation and differentiation of satellite cells from skeletal muscle of the rainbow trout Salmo gairdneri / R. L. Powell, M. V. Dodson, J. G. Cloud // Journal of Experimental Zoology. – 1989. – Vol. 250, N 3. – P. 333–338. https://doi.org/10.1002/jez.1402500314
28. Satellite-like cells contribute to pax7-dependent skeletal muscle repair in adult zebrafish / M. A. Berberoglu, T. L. Gallagher, Z. T. Morrow [et al.] // Developmental Biology. – 2017. – Vol. 424, N 2. – P. 162–180. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ydbio.2017.03.004
Review
Views:
9
JATS XML
Email this article 
