Влияние сохраняемых интронов на кодирующий потенциал молекул РНК в лейкозных клетках человека

Сохранение интронов – один из типов альтернативного сплайсинга, который подразумевает образование молекул зрелых РНК, содержащих в своей структуре хотя бы одну интронную последовательность. Если интронная последовательность попадает в кодирующую часть мРНК, то она может поменять структуру, свойства и порой функциональные возможности соответствующего белка. Более того, некоторые белки такого рода могут быть иммуногенными и рассматриваются как потенциальные мишени для терапии ряда заболеваний. Однако в целом влияние сохранения интронов на кодирующий потенциал РНК до сих пор изучено слабо.

В настоящей работе изложены результаты комбинированного транскриптомно-протеомного исследования 3540 последовательностей интронов, сохраняемых в зрелых молекулах РНК генов, активных в лейкозных клетках человека. Проведена классификация таких интронов в соответствии с наличием у них кодирующего потенциала и описано 7 возможных способов влияния сохранения интронов на последующую трансляцию соответствующих транскриптов. Выявлено 56 интронных последовательностей, способных транслироваться, причем 3 из них – с образованием ранее неизвестных полипептидов.

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