Гибридные металл-органические наноцветы и их применение в биотехнологии

Среди всего разнообразия современных наноматериалов можно выделить особый класс – наноцветы. Интерес ученых к данным наноструктурам обусловлен наличием у последних специфической топографии нанослоев, особое расположение которых позволяет получить значительно большее отношение площади поверхности к объему, чем у классических сферических наночастиц, что существенно увеличивает эффективность реакций на поверхности наноцветов. Основной способ применения наноцветов – использование их в качестве стабилизаторов ферментов. Последние представляют собой биосистемы с высокой активностью и субстратной специфичностью, но их использование ограничено высокой чувствительностью к среде, низкой воспроизводимостью экспериментальных результатов и наличием требований к комплексной очистке составляющих. Чтобы улучшить функционирование ферментов в различных условиях, разработаны органико-неорганические гибридные наноматериалы (название отражает связь неорганических компонентов в наночастицах с органическими материалами). Указанные наночастицы могут быть использованы в катализе, в качестве биосенсоров, а также для доставки лекарств. Это дало толчок развитию новой отрасли химии – химии гибридных наноматериалов, бурно развивающейся в настоящее время. Таким образом, изучение органико-неорганических гибридных нанокристаллов в области химии ферментных систем будет способствовать быстрому развитию бионаноматериалов и новых отраслей биотехнологии.

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