BLACKLEG OF RAPE (BRASSICA NAPUS L.) MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES
Abstract
Blackleg is harmful and widespread disease of rape, including the Republic of Belarus. To control the disease are agricultural practices: crop rotation, tillage, the optimum time of sowing, seeding rate, fertilizer rates and pesticide treatments. Depending on the conditions in the areas of cultivation of this crop it is recommended to return to the previous field in 3–5 years, in Belarus – in 4–5 years. Good reception of blackleg control – plowing of crop residues to fall. Seed treatment and spraying of soil and plants with fungicides are conducted in different countries to combat blackleg disease. The best way to control of blackleg disease is cultivation of resistant varieties. Since Leptosphaeria maculans overcomes major resistance genes, the disease can be controlled through the diversification of cultivated varieties for resistance genes and their placement. Rotation of cultivars containing different genes or combinations of resistance genes is recommended to carry out every four years. Regular monitoring of virulent gene frequency is important in order to determine the effectiveness of known major resistance genes. One strategy for increasing of durable resistance to blackleg is the use of single major genes or their different combinations on genetic background with non-specific resistance. Durability of resistance can be increased using composition of species or varieties with different resistance genes on one field and interfield diversification. It is necessary and to provide of rape protect from L. biglobosa, which can cause significant damage, especially for varieties with effective major resistance genes to L. maculans. Moreover, chemical rape protection against L. biglobosa requires of higher triazole doses than to control L. maculans, so there is a great need for selection of rape cultivars with resistance to both L. maculans and L. biglobosa
About the Author
E. A. Voluevich
Institute of Genetics and Cytology of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus
Belarus
D. Sc. (Biol.), Associate Professor, Chief scientific employee
Belarus
D. Sc. (Biol.), Associate Professor, Chief scientific employee
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