vestibИзвестия Национальной академии наук Беларуси. Серия биологических наукProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Biological Series1029-89402524-230XThe Republican Unitary Enterprise Publishing House "Belaruskaya Navuka"10.29235/1029-8940-2025-70-4-341-352vestib-991Research ArticleСтатьиПодходы к коррекции тиреоидного статуса у самок крыс с висцеральным ожирениемApproaches to correct thyroid status in female rats with visceral obesityhttps://orcid.org/0009-0009-7503-6634МитюковаТ. А.MityukovaT. A.

Митюкова Татьяна Алексеевна – канд. биол. наук, доцент, гл. науч. сотрудник.

ул. Академическая, 28, 220072, Минск

Tatyana A. Mityukova – Ph. D. (Biol.), Associate Professor, Chief Researcher, Institute of Physiology of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus.

28, Akademicheskaya Str., 220072, Minsk

mityukovat@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1878-9623БасалайА. А.BasalaiA. A.

Басалай Анастасия Александровна – науч. сотрудник.

ул. Академическая, 28, 220072, Минск

Anastasia A. Basalai – Researcher, Institute of Physiology of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus.

28, Akademicheskaya Str., 220072, Minsk

anastasiya.basalay@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0009-0002-5348-9949КузнецоваТ. Е.KuznetsovaT. E.

Кузнецова Татьяна Евгеньевна – канд. биол. наук, доцент, вед. науч. сотрудник.

ул. Академическая, 28, 220072, Минск

Tatyana E. Kuznetsova – Ph. D. (Biol.), Associate Professor, Leading Researcher, Institute of Physiology of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus.

28, Akademicheskaya Str., 220072, Minsk

tania_k@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0004-9884-2122ПолуляхО. Е.PoluliakhO. Y.

Полулях Ольга Евгеньевна – ст. науч. сотрудник.

ул. Академическая, 28, 220072, Минск

Olga Y. Poluliakh – Senior Researcher, Institute of Physiology of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus.

28, Akademicheskaya Str., 220072, Minsk

oilipol@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0000-9121-6680КостюченкоН. С.KastsiuchenkaM. S.

Костюченко Никита Сергеевич – мл. науч. сотрудник.

ул. Академическая, 28, 220072, Минск

Mikita S. Kastsiuchenka – Junior Researcher, Institute of Physiology of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus.

28, Akademicheskaya Str., 220072, Minsk

nkostuchenko888@gmail.comИнститут физиологии Национальной академии наук БеларусиInstitute of Physiology of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus202507112025704341352Copyright © Митюкова Т.А., Басалай А.А., Кузнецова Т.Е., Полулях О.Е., Костюченко Н.С., 20252025Митюкова Т.А., Басалай А.А., Кузнецова Т.Е., Полулях О.Е., Костюченко Н.С.Mityukova T.A., Basalai A.A., Kuznetsova T.E., Poluliakh O.Y., Kastsiuchenka M.S.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://vestibio.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/991

Как свидетельствуют данные литературы и наши предыдущие исследования, ожирение может вызывать дисфункцию щитовидной железы (ЩЖ) у самцов крыс.

Цель работы – изучение морфо-функционального состояния ЩЖ при диет-индуцированном висцеральном ожирении и вариантах его немедикаментозной коррекции у самок крыс линии Wistar.

Крысы получали стандартную (СтД) либо высококалорийную диету (ВКД), вызывающую висцеральное ожирение. Коррекцию ожирения проводили путем перехода от ВКД на СтД и (или) с подключением бега на тредмиле. Эксперимент включал 6 групп животных: 1) «CтД» – 16 недель; 2) «ВКД» – 16 недель; 3) «ВКД/СтД» – 8/8 недель; 4) «СтД + бег» – 16/8 недель; 5) «ВКД + бег» – 16/8 недель; 6) «ВКД/СтД + бег» – 8/8 недель.

В сыворотке крови самок крыс группы «ВКД» было зарегистрировано нарастание уровня тироксина (Т4). При этом снижалась активность тиреопероксидазы (ТПО) и содержание малонового диальдегида (МДА) в ткани ЩЖ, а также отмечались морфологические признаки гипофункции ЩЖ. Наиболее полное восстановление активности ТПО и морфо-функциональных характеристик ткани ЩЖ наблюдалось при переходе от ВКД к СтД. Умеренные физические нагрузки на фоне ВКД положительно воздействовали на некоторые морфометрические характеристики ЩЖ, но не восстанавливали значения ТПО и МДА. При сочетанной коррекции ожирения («ВКД/СтД + бег») наблюдалось частичное восстановление гистоструктуры органа с нормализацией активности ТПО, но не МДА.

Таким образом, диет-индуцированное висцеральное ожирение сопровождается повышением уровня тироксина в крови, однако при этом развиваются морфологические и биохимические признаки снижения функциональной активности в ткани ЩЖ. Успешная коррекция висцерального ожирения с восстановлением структуры и функции ЩЖ достигается при переходе от ВКД на СтД.

Obesity can lead to thyroid dysfunction in male rats, as shown in our primary studies. The aim of this work was to study the morpho-functional state of the thyroid gland in diet-induced visceral obesity and variants of its non-drug correction in female Wistar rats.

The experiments involved six groups of animals. Rats were fed either a standard diet (StD) or a high-calorie diet (HCD), which induced visceral obesity. Obesity was corrected by switching from HCD to StD and/or by treadmill running. The following animal groups were utilized in the study: 1) “StD” – 16 weeks; 2) “HCD” – 16 weeks; 3) “HCD/StD” – 8/8 weeks; 4) “StD + running” – 16/8 weeks; 5) “HCD + running” – 16/8 weeks; 6) “HCD/StD + running” – 8/8 weeks.

An increase in thyroxine (T4) levels was observed in the blood serum of female rats in the HCD group. At the same time, thyroperoxidase (TPO) activity and malonic dialdehyde (MDA) content in thyroid tissue decreased, and morphological signs of thyroid hypofunction were observed. The most complete recovery of TPO activity and morpho-functional characteristics of thyroid tissue was observed during the transition from HCD to StD. Moderate physical activity against the background of HCD had a positive effect on some morphometric characteristics of the thyroid, but did not restore the values of TPO and MDA. With combined correction of obesity (HCD/StD + running), a partial restoration of the organ histostructure with normalisation of TPO activity, but not MDA, was observed.

Thus, diet-induced visceral obesity is accompanied by an increase in blood thyroxine levels, yet morphological and biochemical signs of decreased functional activity of the thyroid gland tissue develop. A successful correction of visceral obesity, accompanied by the restoration of thyroid structure and function, can be achieved by transitioning from HCD to StD.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.