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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vestib</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия Национальной  академии наук Беларуси. Серия биологических наук</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Biological Series</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1029-8940</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2524-230X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>The Republican Unitary Enterprise Publishing House "Belaruskaya Navuka"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29235/1029-8940-2025-70-4-271-283</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vestib-984</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Микросателлитный анализ эмбриогенных линий ели европейской Picea abies (L.) Karst.</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Microsatellite analysis of embryogenic lines of the Norway spruce Picea abies (L.) Karst.</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Падутов</surname><given-names>В. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Padutov</surname><given-names>V. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Падутов Владимир Евгеньевич – член-корреспондент, д-р биол. наук, профессор, заведующий отделом.</p><p>ул. Пролетарская, 71, 246050, Гомель</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladimir E. Padutov – Corresponding Member, D. Sc. (Biol.), Professor, Head of the Department, Forest Institute of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus.</p><p>71, Proletarskaya Str., 246050, Gomel</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">forestgen@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9106-1877</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Можаровская</surname><given-names>Л. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mozharovskaya</surname><given-names>L. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Можаровская Людмила Валентиновна – канд. биол. наук, доцент, ст. науч. сотрудник.</p><p>ул. Пролетарская, 71, 246050, Гомель</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ludmila V. Mozharovskaya – Ph. D. (Biol.), Associate Professor, Senior Researcher, Forest Institute of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus.</p><p>71, Proletarskaya Str., 246050, Gomel</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">milamozh@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кулагин</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kulagin</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кулагин Дмитрий Валерьевич – науч. сотрудник.</p><p>ул. Пролетарская, 71, 246050, Гомель</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitriy V. Kulagin – Researcher, Forest Institute of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus.</p><p>71, Proletarskaya Str., 246050, Gomel</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">aqua32@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Падутов</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Padutov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Падутов Александр Владимирович – науч. сотрудник.</p><p>ул. Пролетарская, 71, 246050, Гомель</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexandr V. Padutov – Researcher, Forest Institute of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus.</p><p>71, Proletarskaya Str., 246050, Gomel</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">apadutov@yandex.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кусенкова</surname><given-names>М. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kusenkova</surname><given-names>M. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кусенкова Марина Петровна – науч. сотрудник.</p><p>ул. Пролетарская, 71, 246050, Гомель</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Marina P. Kusenkova – Researcher, Forest Institute of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus.</p><p>71, Proletarskaya Str., 246050, Gomel</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">marinaggu@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт леса Национальной академии наук Беларуси</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Forest Institute of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>07</day><month>11</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>70</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>271</fpage><lpage>283</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Падутов В.Е., Можаровская Л.В., Кулагин Д.В., Падутов А.В., Кусенкова М.П., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Падутов В.Е., Можаровская Л.В., Кулагин Д.В., Падутов А.В., Кусенкова М.П.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Padutov V.E., Mozharovskaya L.M., Kulagin D.V., Padutov A.V., Kusenkova M.P.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestibio.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/984">https://vestibio.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/984</self-uri><abstract><p>Соматический эмбриогенез (как метод микроклонального размножения) может быть использован для промышленного получения посадочного материала хвойных пород. По этой причине необходимо изучение различных генетических нарушений, возникающих в условиях in vitro, которые потенциально могут наследоваться получаемыми вегетативными потомками. В настоящей работе представлены результаты исследования сомаклональной изменчивости и уровня миксоплоидности каллусных колоний и регенерантов шести эмбриогенных линий ели европейской (Picea abies (L.) Karst.). На различных этапах культивирования соответствующего растительного материала in vitro использовалась питательная среда ½ LM, которая дополнялась сахарозой и глутамином, а также, при необходимости, регуляторами роста 2,4-Д, 6-БАП, АБК, ИМК и активированным углем. Микросателлитный анализ образцов проводился с использованием пяти EST-SSR-маркеров: Pa28, Pa33, Pa56, Pa47, Pa52. Показано, что в образцах трех из шести эмбриогенных линий по локусу Pa28 было выявлено более двух (три или четыре) аллельных вариантов. Кроме того, в ряде случаев изучаемые ткани имеют выраженные признаки миксоплоидии. Для сопоставления полученных данных проведен соответствующий микросателлитный анализ 33 естественно произрастающих средневозрастных деревьев ели европейской. Только у двух растений выявлены триплоидные клетки, что показывает значительно более низкий уровень геномных или хромосомных аберраций, чем в культурах in vitro.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The method of somatic embryogenesis could be used for industrial production of clonal planting material. For this reason special attention is paid to the studies of various genetic disorders that arise in vitro because of their possibility to be inherited by the vegetative offsprings. In our investigation the levels of somaclonal variability and mixoploidy in callus colonies and plantlets of six embryogenic lines of Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) were studied. ½ LM nutrient medium supplemented with sucrose and glutamine was used at different stages of plant tissues and plantlets in vitro cultivation. Growth regulators 2,4-D, 6-BAP, ABA, IMC and activated carbon were added to nutrient media if necessary. Microsatellite analysis of samples was carried out using five EST-SSR markers Pa28, Pa33, Pa56, Pa47, Pa52. It was shown that in samples of three of the six embryogenic lines, more than two (three or four) allelic variants were identified at the Pa28 locus. In a number of cases, the tissues studied have pronounced signs of mixoploidy. Appropriate microsatellite analysis of samples collected from 33 middle-aged trees of Norway spruce from naturally formed forest stand was additionally carried out in order to compare the results with the data obtained earlier. Only two plants showed the presence of triploid cells, indicating a significantly lower level of genomic or chromosomal aberrations than observed in in vitro cultures.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ель европейская</kwd><kwd>эмбриогенные линии</kwd><kwd>микросателлитный анализ</kwd><kwd>сомаклональная изменчивость</kwd><kwd>миксоплоидия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Norway spruce</kwd><kwd>embryogenic lines</kwd><kwd>microsatellite analysis</kwd><kwd>somaclonal variability</kwd><kwd>mixoploidy</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Козубов, Г. М. Современные голосеменные: (морфолого-систематический обзор и кариология) / Г. М. Козубов, Е. Н. Муратова. – Л.: Наука, 1986. – 192 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kozubov G. M., Muratova E. N. Modern gymnosperms: (morphological and systematic review and karyology). 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