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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vestib</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия Национальной  академии наук Беларуси. Серия биологических наук</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Biological Series</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1029-8940</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2524-230X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>The Republican Unitary Enterprise Publishing House "Belaruskaya Navuka"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29235/1029-8940-2025-70-3-207-215</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vestib-977</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Генетическая структура популяций прогрессирующего в Беларуси аборигенного вида Salvinia natans L.</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Genetic structure of populations of the native species Salvinia natans L. progressing in Belarus</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гудная</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Hudnaya</surname><given-names>N. U.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гудная Наталья Владимировна – науч. сотрудник</p><p>ул. Сурганова, 2в, 220012, г. Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natallia U. Hudnaya – Researcher</p><p>2v, Surganov Str., 220012, Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">N.Samakhvalava@cbg.org.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мялик</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mialik</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мялик Александр Николаевич – канд. биол. наук, доцент, заведующий сектором</p><p>ул. Сурганова, 2в, 220012, г. Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aliaksandr M. Mialik – Ph. D. (Biol.), Assistant Professor, Head of the Sector</p><p>2v, Surganov Str., 220012, Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">aleksandr-myalik@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кулагина</surname><given-names>Т. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kulahina</surname><given-names>T. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кулагина Татьяна Геннадьевна – научный сотрудник</p><p>ул. Сурганова, 2в, 220012, г. Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatsiana G. Kulahina – Researcher</p><p>2v, Surganov Str., 220012, Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">T.Shlapakova@cbg.org.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Луу</surname><given-names>Д. Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Luu</surname><given-names>D. N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Луу Дам Нгок Ань – доктор философии, заведующий отделом</p><p>18, Hoang Quoc Viet Str., Cau Giay, Hano</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dam Ngọc Anh Luu – D. Sc. (Philos.), Head of the Department</p><p>18, Hoang Quoc Viet Str., Cau Giay, Hano</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ngocanh@vnmn.vast.vn</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Титок</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Titok</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Титок Владимир Владимирович – член-корреспон- дент, д-р биол. наук, доцент, гл. науч. сотрудник</p><p>ул. Сурганова, 2в, 220012, г. Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladimir V. Titok – Corresponding Member, D. Sc. (Biol.), Assistant Professor, Chief Researcher</p><p>2v, Surganov Str., 220012, Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">V.Titok@cbg.org.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Центральный ботанический сад НАН Беларуси</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Central Botanical Garden of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Вьетнамский национальный музей природы Вьет намской академии наук и технологий</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Vietnam National Museum of Nature of the Viet- nam Academy of Science and Technology</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>04</day><month>08</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>70</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>207</fpage><lpage>215</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Гудная Н.В., Мялик А.Н., Кулагина Т.Г., Луу Д., Титок В.В., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Гудная Н.В., Мялик А.Н., Кулагина Т.Г., Луу Д., Титок В.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Hudnaya N.U., Mialik A.M., Kulahina T.G., Luu D., Titok V.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestibio.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/977">https://vestibio.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/977</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье представлены результаты изучения генетического разнообразия и структуры 7 популяций Salvinia natans L. на территории Беларуси в естественной (Пинск, Рогачёв, Мухавец, Стрельск) и прогрессирующей (Каменец, Кривошин, Щара) частях ареала. Благодаря использованию молекулярных iPBS маркеров было установлено, что естественные популяции Пинск и Мухавец обладают наивысшим уровнем генетического разнообразия, а островная популяция Каменец характеризуется генетической обедненностью. Достаточно низкие показатели генетического разнообразия свойственны и другим популяциям, расположенным в островных локалитетах (Кривошин, Щара) и на северной (Рогачёв) границе ареала Salvinia natans L. Установлено, что уровень межпопуляционной изменчивости оказался ниже, чем внутрипопуляционной (22 и 78 % соответственно). Значение PhiPT = 0,22 указывает на то, что генетически популяции различаются значительно. Для исследуемого вида уровень потока генов равен 0,80, что является средним показателем и обусловлено, вероятно, спецификой размножения данного вида как спорового растения. Анализ генетических расстояний показал, что наименьшее значение расстояния Нея (0,11) наблюдалось между популяциями Пинск и Щара, а наибольшее (0,21) – между популяциями Стрельск и Кривошин, что в целом согласуется с их географическим положением. Результаты анализа ward.D2, основанного на данных матрицы расстояния Нея, также подтверждают эти данные и демонстрируют подразделение изученных популяций на два основных кластера, соответствующих их расположению в бассейнах рек Припять и Западный Буг. Полученные экспери- ментальные данные показывают, что с учетом потепления климата продолжится расширение ареала Salvinia natans L. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article presents the results of a study on the genetic diversity and structure of seven populations of Salvinia natans L. in Belarus, in both the natural (Pinsk, Mukhavets, Strelsk, and Rogachev) and progressing (Kamenets, Krivoshin, and Shchara) parts of the range. Using molecular iPBS markers, the study found that the natural populations of Pinsk and Mukhavets populations have the highest level of genetic diversity, and the island population of Kamenets is characterized by genetic impoverishment. Low rates of genetic diversity are also characteristic of other populations located in island localities (Krivoshin, Shchara) and on the northern (Rogachev) border of the Salvinia natans L. range. The study revealed that the level of interpopulation variability was lower than intrapopulation variability (22 and 78 %, respectively). The PhiPT value of 0.22 indicates significant genetic differences among the populations. For the studied species, the gene flow level is 0.80, which is an average value and is probably due to the specificity of reproduction of this species as a spore plant. Analysis of genetic distances showed that the lowest Nei distance (0.11) was observed between the Pinsk and Shchara populations, and the highest (0.21) between the Strelsk and Krivoshin populations. This is generally consistent with their geographic location. The ward.D2 analysis, based on Nei’s distance matrix, confirms these results and demonstrates that the studied populations are divided into two main clusters, corresponding to their location in the Pripyat and Zapadnyj Bug river basins. The obtained experimental data show that, given global warming, the range of Salvinia natans L. will continue to expand northward. However, the probability of expansive properties of this species in newly developed territories remains low due to the insignificant genetic diversity of border populations and a fairly low level of gene flow between them.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>охраняемые растения</kwd><kwd>водные макрофиты</kwd><kwd>iPBS маркеры</kwd><kwd>генетическое разнообразие популяций</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>protected plants</kwd><kwd>aquatic macrophytes</kwd><kwd>molecular iPBS markers</kwd><kwd>genetic diversity of populations</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">The work was carried out with the financial support of the Belarusian Republican Foundation for Fundamental research (grant BRFFI-VANT 2023, No. B23V-005, QTBY01.03/23-24).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kozlovskaya, N. V. 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