vestibИзвестия Национальной академии наук Беларуси. Серия биологических наукProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Biological Series1029-89402524-230XThe Republican Unitary Enterprise Publishing House "Belaruskaya Navuka"10.29235/1029-8940-2025-70-1-55-68vestib-955Research ArticleСтатьиНовая тест-система для детекции наличия сальмонелл в пищевых продуктах методом конкурентного иммуноферментного анализаA new test system for Salmonella detection in food products by competitive immonoassayКиселеваЕ. П.KiselevaE. P.

Киселева Елена Павловна – канд. хим. наук, вед. науч. сотрудник

ул. Академика Купревича, 5/2, 220141, Минск

Elena P. Kiseleva – Ph. D. (Chem.), Leading Researcher

5/2, Academician Kuprevich Str., 220141, Minsk

epkiseleva@iboch.byМихайлопулоК. И.MikhailopuloK. I.

Михайлопуло Константин Игоревич – ст. науч. сотрудник

ул. Академика Купревича, 5/2, 220141, Минск

Konstantin I. Mikhailopulo – Senior Researcher

5/2, Academician Kuprevich Str., 220141, Minsk

k.mikhailopulo@iboch.byСвиридовО. В.SviridovO. V.

Свиридов Олег Васильевич – д-р хим. наук, профессор, заведующий лабораторией

ул. Академика Купревича, 5/2, 220141, Минск

Oleg V. Sviridov – D. Sc. (Chem.), Professor, Head of the Laboratory

5/2, Academician Kuprevich Str., 220141, Minsk

sviridov@iboch.byИнститут биоорганической химии НАН БеларусиInstitute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus2025280120257015568Copyright © Киселева Е.П., Михайлопуло К.И., Свиридов О.В., 20252025Киселева Е.П., Михайлопуло К.И., Свиридов О.В.Kiseleva E.P., Mikhailopulo K.I., Sviridov O.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://vestibio.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/955

Детекция сальмонелл в продуктах питания является актуальной в связи с известными случаями эпидемии сальмонеллеза. С этой целью широко применяют иммунохимические методы, в частности, иммуноферментный анализ (ИФА). По традиции в ИФА сальмонелл используют антитела к липополисахариду (ЛПС), который принято считать основным структурным компонентом наружной мембраны клетки грамотрицательных бактерий. Для взаимодействия с антителами доступен кор (консервативный элемент ЛПС, общий для всех сальмонелл) и О-антиген (гипервариабельный элемент ЛПС). Метод ИФА с использованием коммерческого моноклонального антитела (МАТ) 5D12A (к кору ЛПС) или МАТ 10D9H (к общему эпитопу О-антигена сальмонелл серогрупп А, B и D) показал, что в культуре сальмонелл, полученной в ходе пробоподготовки, традиционной для анализа этих бактерий в продуктах питания, ЛПС присутствует главным образом в среде (не менее 90 %). Установлено, что дополнение стандартной процедуры пробоподготовки центрифугированием с целью отделения бактерий от среды и последующий анализ именно среды позволяют расширить рабочий диапазон тест-системы в сторону более низких концентраций ЛПС и повысить аналитическую чувствительность. Показано, что иммобилизация в лунках микропланшетного иммуносорбента конъюгата бычий сывороточный альбумин (БСА)-ЛПС позволяет получить более однородное покрытие, чем иммобилизация ЛПС как такового. Созданы конструкции двух тест-систем для детекции сальмонелл в продуктах питания методом конкурентного ИФА ЛПС, секретированного в культуральную среду. В каждой из двух тест-систем на твердой фазе иммобилизован конъюгат БСА-ЛПС, а в жидкой фазе находятся либо МАТ 5D12A, либо МАТ 10D9H. Чувствительность анализа для каждой из тест-систем соответствует 105 КОЕ/мл. Тест-система на основе МАТ 5D12A, специфичных к кору ЛПС, имеет преимущество: позволяет детектировать все сальмонеллы, неза висимо от серотипа.

Detecting Salmonella in foods is topical due to the known cases of salmonellosis epidemics. Immunochemical methods including enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) have been widely used in Salmonella detection. Traditionally, ELISA of Salmonella is based on detecting lipopolysaccharide (LPS), which is considered to be the main structural component of the outer membrane of the cell of Gram-negative bacteria. Core (conservative LPS element common to all Salmonella) and O-antigen (hypervariable LPS element) are available for interaction with antibodies. It was shown using commercial MAb 5D12A (to the core of LPS) or MAb 10D9H (to the common epitope of the O-antigen of Salmonella serogroups A, B and D) that in the Salmonella culture obtained during sample preparation, traditional for the analysis of these bacteria in foods, LPS is present mainly outside cells, in the medium (no less than 90 %). It has been found that the addition of centrifugation to the standard sample preparation procedure to separate bacteria from the medium and a subsequent analysis of the medium can expand the test-system working range towards lower LPS concentrations and increase the analytical sensitivity. It has been shown that immobilization of the bovine serum albumin (BSA)-LPS conjugate in the wells of a microplate immunosorbent allows one to obtain a more homogeneous coating than immobilization of LPS itself. We have elaborated 2 test systems for Salmonella detection in foods by competitive ELISA of LPS secreted in medium. In each of the two test systems, the BSA-LPS conjugate is immobilized on the solid phase, and in the liquid phase there are either MAb 5D12A or MAb 10D9H. The sensitivity of the analysis for each test system is 105 CFU/ml. The test system based on MAb 5D12A is advan tageous since it allows detecting all Salmonella regardless of serotype.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.