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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vestib</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия Национальной  академии наук Беларуси. Серия биологических наук</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Biological Series</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1029-8940</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2524-230X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>The Republican Unitary Enterprise Publishing House "Belaruskaya Navuka"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29235/1029-8940-2024-69-4-280-288</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vestib-939</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние пробиотиков на микробиом рубца лактирующих коров</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Effect of probiotics on the rumen microbiome of lactating cows</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сверчкова</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sverchkova</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сверчкова Наталья Владимировна ‒ канд. биол. наук, доцент, гл. науч. сотрудник.</p><p>Ул. Купревича, 2, 220085, Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalia V. Sverchkova ‒ Ph. D. (Biol.), Associate Professor, Chief Researcher.</p><p>2, Kuprevich Str., 220085, Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sverchkova@biotech.bas-net.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Проскурнина</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Proskurnina</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Проскурнина Ирина Александровна – заведующий лабораторией.</p><p>Ул. Купревича, 2, 220085, Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina A. Proskurnina – Head of the Laboratory.</p><p>2, Kuprevich Str., 220085, Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sverchkova@biotech.bas-net.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Литвинова</surname><given-names>В. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Litvinova</surname><given-names>V. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Литвинова Вероника Сергеевна – аспирант.</p><p>Ул. Губкина, 3, 117971, Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Veronika S. Litvinova – Postgraduate student.</p><p>3, Gubkin Str., 117971, Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">miranikki@yandex.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рябая</surname><given-names>Н. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ryabaya</surname><given-names>N. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Рябая Наталья Евгеньевна – канд. биол. наук, ст. науч. сотрудник.</p><p>Ул. Купревича, 2, 220085, Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalia E. Ryabaya ‒ Ph. D. (Biol.), Senior Researcher.</p><p>2, Kuprevich Str., 220085, Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">microbio@mbio.bas-net.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Саханчук</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sachanchuk</surname><given-names>A. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Саханчук Анна Ивановна – канд. с.-х. наук, доцент, заведующий лабораторией.</p><p>Ул. Фрунзе, 11, 222160, Жодино, Минская обл.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anna I. Sachanchuk ‒ Ph. D. (Agricult.), Associate Professor, Head of the Laboratory.</p><p>11, Frunze Str., 222160, Zhodino, Minsk district</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">info@belniig.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Коломиец</surname><given-names>Э. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kolomiets</surname><given-names>E. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Коломиец Эмилия Ивановна – академик, д-р биол. наук, профессор, гл. науч. сотрудник.</p><p>Ул. Купревича, 2, 220085, Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Emiliya I. Kolomiets ‒ Academician, D. Sc. (Biol.), Professor, Chief Researcher.</p><p>2, Kuprevich Str., 220085, Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kolomiets@biotech.bas-net.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Государственное научно-производственное объединение «Химический синтез и биотехнологии»</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>State Scientific and Production Association “Chemical Synthesis and Biotechnology”</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт общей генетики имени Н.И. Вавилова РАН</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N.I. Vavilov Institute of General Genetics of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт микробиологии НАН Беларуси</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Microbiology of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Научно-практический центр НАН Беларуси по животноводству</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Scientific and Practical Center of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus for Livestock</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>06</day><month>11</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>69</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>280</fpage><lpage>288</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Сверчкова Н.В., Проскурнина И.А., Литвинова В.С., Рябая Н.Е., Саханчук А.И., Коломиец Э.И., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Сверчкова Н.В., Проскурнина И.А., Литвинова В.С., Рябая Н.Е., Саханчук А.И., Коломиец Э.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sverchkova N.V., Proskurnina I.A., Litvinova V.S., Ryabaya N.E., Sachanchuk A.I., Kolomiets E.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestibio.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/939">https://vestibio.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/939</self-uri><abstract><p>Подобраны методы выделения метагеномной ДНК из рубцовой жидкости молочных коров, позволяющие получить препараты нуклеиновых кислот высокой чистоты без ингибиторов ПЦР. Определены доминирующие таксоны микробиома рубца молочных коров, подобраны праймеры и температурно-временные параметры для их выявления методом ПЦР. Показана целесообразность использования кормовых добавок «Споробакт-К» на основе бактерий рода Bacillus и «Румибакт» на основе пропионовокислых бактерий для контроля условно-патогенной микробиоты, улучшения рубцового пищеварения и снижения риска развития ацидоза у лактирующих коров.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Methods for isolating metagenomic DNA from the rumen fluid of dairy cows have been selected and have made it possible to obtain high-purity nucleic acid preparations without PCR inhibitors. The probiotic potential of feed additives “Sporobact-K” and “Rumibact” based on spore-forming bacteria of the genus Bacillus and the propionic acid bacteria of the genus Propionibacterium were assessed. The feasibility of their use to increase resistance to opportunistic microbiota, improve ruminal digestion and control acidosis in cows was shown. The dominant taxa of the rumen microbiome of dairy cows were determined, and the primers and temperature-time parameters were selected for their detection by PCR. The feasibility of using feed additives “Sporobact-K”, based on bacteria of the genus Bacillus and “Rumibact”, based on propionic acid bacteria to control opportunistic microbiota, improve scar digestion and reduce the risk of acidosis in lactating cows is shown.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>микробиом рубца</kwd><kwd>ацидоз</kwd><kwd>пропионовокислые бактерии</kwd><kwd>спорообразующие бактерии</kwd><kwd>пробиотическая кормовая добавка</kwd><kwd>антагонистическая активность</kwd><kwd>ферментативная активность</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>rumen microbiome</kwd><kwd>acidosis</kwd><kwd>propionic acid bacteria</kwd><kwd>spore-forming bacteria</kwd><kwd>probiotic feed additive</kwd><kwd>antagonistic activity</kwd><kwd>enzymatic activity</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Лаптев, Г. Ю. 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