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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vestib</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия Национальной  академии наук Беларуси. Серия биологических наук</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Biological Series</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1029-8940</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2524-230X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>The Republican Unitary Enterprise Publishing House "Belaruskaya Navuka"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29235/1029-8940-2024-69-2-95-109</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vestib-914</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Экологическое структурирование состава орнитонаселения как основа оценки его разнородности и динамики</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Ecological structure of the avifauna composition as a basis for assessment of its heterogeneity and dynamics</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Никифоров</surname><given-names>М. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikiforov</surname><given-names>M. Е.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Никифоров Михаил Ефимович – академик, д-р биол. наук, заведующий лабораторией</p><p>ул. Академическая, 27, 220072, г. Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Michail E. Nikiforov – Academician, D. Sc. (Biol.), Head of the Laboratory</p><p>27, Akademicheskaya Str., 220072, Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nikif@tut.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6673-8118</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сахвон</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sakhvon</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сахвон Виталий Валерьевич – канд. биол. наук, доцент, заместитель декана</p><p>пр. Независимости, 4, 220030, г. Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vital V. Sakhvon – Ph. D. (Biol.), Associate Professor, Deputy Dean</p><p>4, Nezavisimosti Ave., 220030, Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sakhvon@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Научно-практический центр НАН Беларуси по биоресурсам</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Scientific and Practical Center of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus for Bioresources</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Белорусский государственный университет</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Belarusian State University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>04</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>69</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>95</fpage><lpage>109</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Никифоров М.Е., Сахвон В.В., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Никифоров М.Е., Сахвон В.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Nikiforov M.Е., Sakhvon V.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestibio.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/914">https://vestibio.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/914</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье изложен методический подход, на основе которого проведено классифицирование гнездящихся видов птиц Беларуси по признаку привязанности их к тому или иному типу местообитания в гнездовой период. При этом нами учитывались эволюционно закрепленные биотопические предпочтения, т. е. те, которые характеризовали эти виды до широкого преобразования их местообитаний в результате антропогенного воздействия, радикального увеличения темпов урбанизации, а также до широкого внедрения многих из видов птиц в антропогенный ландшафт.</p><p>Всего нами выделено 6 орнитофаунистических комплексов (лесной, древесно-кустарниковый, водно-прибрежный, болотный, сухих открытых пространств и синантропный), которые включают все 223 вида птиц, отмеченных на гнездовании на территории Беларуси после 2000 г. В большинстве случаев орнитофаунистические комплексы дополнительно были разделены на кластеры, которые отражают заметные экологические различия видов, хотя и менее кардинальные, чем между комплексами видов. В спорных случаях для обоснования отнесения вида к тому или иному орнитофаунистическому комплексу сопоставляли и анализировали все доступные данные о встречаемости и плотности гнездования видов комплекса. Большинство гнездящихся видов птиц относится к лесному и водно-прибрежному орнитокомплексам (80 и 64 вида соответственно), меньше всего (12) – к комплексу сухих открытых пространств.</p><p>Данная классификация оказывается удобным инструментом для оценки размера и характера изменений экологической структуры сообществ птиц, подвергшихся каким-либо воздействиям или трансформациям во времени, а также для получения сопоставимых экологических характеристик орнитонаселения на разных территориях.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article describes the methodological approach and the results of classification of breeding bird species in Belarus by their preference for habitat type during the breeding season based on this approach. During the classification process, we took into account the preferences developed in the course of evolution, i. e. those that had been the most characteristic of the species before the domination of altered territories and the escalation of an urbanization rate, as well as before many species started living in urban environments on a large scale.</p><p>In total, we defined six ornithofaunistic complexes (forest, arboreal-shrub, water-coastal, marsh, dry open spaces and synanthropic) that include all 223 bird species that have been observed breeding in Belarus since 2000. In most cases, the ornithofaunistic complexes were further divided into clusters that reflect a prominent ecological differentiation of species, although less drastic than a difference between the complexes themselves. In controversial or debatable cases, to justify attributing a species to a certain ornithofaunistic complex, we compared and analyzed all available data on the occurrence and breeding density of the species. Most breeding bird species belong to forest and water-coastal ornithofaunistic complexes (80 and 64 species, respectively), while only 12 species belong to the ornithofaunistic complex of dry open spaces. </p><p>This classification proves to be a convenient tool to estimate the size and nature of the changes in the ecological structure of bird assemblages that have undergone some interference or transformations in time as well as to get comparable ecological characteristics of bird populations in different territories.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>орнитофауна</kwd><kwd>экология</kwd><kwd>классификация птиц</kwd><kwd>орнитофаунистические комплексы</kwd><kwd>гнездящиеся виды птиц</kwd><kwd>биотопическая приуроченность</kwd><kwd>Беларусь</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>avifauna</kwd><kwd>ecology</kwd><kwd>classification of birds</kwd><kwd>ornithofaunistic complex</kwd><kwd>breeding bird species</kwd><kwd>habitat preference</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Шнитников, В. 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