vestibИзвестия Национальной академии наук Беларуси. Серия биологических наукProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Biological Series1029-89402524-230XThe Republican Unitary Enterprise Publishing House "Belaruskaya Navuka"10.29235/1029-8940-2021-66-2-232-246vestib-749Research ArticleСтатьиОсобенности архитектоники микроструктуры первостепенного махового пера совообразных (Strigiformes), обусловленные спецификой полетаFeatures of the architectonics of the microstructure of the primary remex of Owls (Strigiformes) due to the specifics of the flightФадееваЕ. О.FadeevaE. O.

Фадеева Елена Олеговна, канд. биол. наук, доцент, ст. науч. сотрудник

Ленинский проспект, 33, 119071, г. Москва

Elena O. Fadeeva, Ph. D. (Biol.), Associate Professor, Senior Researcher

33, Leninsky Prospect, 119071, Moscow

vgbabenko@gmail.comИнститут проблем экологии и эволюции им. А. Н. Северцова РАНА. N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution of the Russian Academy of Sciences202112052021662232246Copyright © Фадеева Е.О., 20212021Фадеева Е.О.Fadeeva E.O.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://vestibio.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/749

Морфологические адаптации птиц, связанные со способностью к полету, достаточно подробно изучены. При этом практически не исследованным остается строение микроструктуры пера, хотя именно микроструктурные характеристики играют важную роль в возникновении адаптационных эколого-морфологических особенностей архитектоники пера. Совообразные (Strigiformes) – очень привлекательная для изучения группа птиц, с хорошо выраженными чертами специализации к ночному стилю охоты. Особый интерес вызывают комплексные исследования микроструктуры пера Strigiformes с помощью сканирующего электронного микроскопа (SEM), что позволяет визуализировать тонкую морфологию пера. В настоящей работе представлены оригинальные результаты сравнительного исследования (ранее никем не проводившегося) тонкого строения первостепенного махового пера 13 видов совообразных с использованием SEM. Данная работа – продолжение нашего исследования микроструктуры контурного пера совообразных. Представленные результаты являются первой детальной информацией (на уровне SEM) о микроструктуре первостепенного махового пера совообразных. Установлено, что для совообразных характерен ряд специфических микроструктурных особенностей первостепенного махового пера. Прежде всего это особенности строения бородки первого порядка контурной части опахала пера: конфигурация поперечного среза, архитектоника сердцевины на поперечном и продольном срезах, строение кутикулы бородки. В работе представлены электросканограммы микроструктурных характеристик, приведены их основные морфометрические показатели. Впервые выявлены сугубо специфические адаптивные характеристики пера совообразных – уникальные особенности микроструктуры опахальца бородки, обусловливающие густую ворсистую дорсальную поверхность опахала и наличие комплекса своеобразных «косиц», формирующих рассученный край внутреннего опахала. Выявленные специфические характеристики тонкого строения первостепенного махового пера совообразных могут быть использованы для изучения направленности и динамики сложной радиации морфологических, в том числе адаптационных, изменений микроструктуры пера в филогенезе птиц.

Conducted electron microscopic investigation of the primary remex fine structure of thirteen species of Owls (Strigiformes), using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). It is shown that Owls (Strigiformes) have a number of specific primary remex microstructural characteristics. First of all, these are the features of the structure of the pennaceous barb: a cross section configuration, a pith architectonics on the cross section and longitudinal sections, a cuticular structur of the barb. A number of the unique features in the microstructure of the vanules of the pennaceous barb have been found for the first time (at the scanning electron microscope level, at a large SEM magnification). First of all, these are the structural features of the distal barbules and the structure of the apical portion of the barb with the elongated proximal barbules and the distal barbules tightly contiguous to the ramus and closed with each other. Mentioned characteristics make for the thick velvet-like dorsal surface of the vane and the presence of a complex of peculiar “bunches” (fringes) forming the cleft edge (a fringed edge) of the inner vane – exceptionally specific adaptive characteristics in Strigiformes. Рresentenced original research results suggest that Owls (Strigiformes) have a number specific microstructural characteristics of the primary remex and also a number of the unique features in the microstructure of the primary remex which reflecting the ecological and morphological adaptations conditioned by the flight specificity.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.