vestibИзвестия Национальной академии наук Беларуси. Серия биологических наукProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Biological Series1029-89402524-230XThe Republican Unitary Enterprise Publishing House "Belaruskaya Navuka"10.29235/1029-8940-2021-66-1-74-87vestib-726Research ArticleСтатьиВлияние фуллерена на физиолого-биохимические параметры растений ячменя в гидропонной культуреThe effect of fullerene on the physiological and biochemical parameters of barley plants in hydroponic cultureМолчанО. В.MolchanO. V.

Молчан Ольга Викторовна - кандтдат биологических наук, доцент, заведующий лабораторией.

Olga V. Molchan - Ph. D. (Biol.), Associate Professor, Head of the Laboratory.

27, Akademicheskaya Str., 220072, Minsk

olga_molchan@mail.ruЗубейЕ. С.ZubeiE. S.

Зубей Екатерина Сергеевна - научный сотрудник.

Ул. Академическая, 27, 220072, Минск

Ekaterina S. Zubei – Researcher.

27, Akademicheskaya Str., 220072, Minsk

katya.zubej@yandex.byИнститут экспериментальной ботаники им. В.Ф. Купревича, НАН БеларусиV.F. Kuprevich Institute of Experimental Botany, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus2021080220216617487Copyright © Молчан О.В., Зубей Е.С., 20212021Молчан О.В., Зубей Е.С.Molchan O.V., Zubei E.S.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://vestibio.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/726

Изучены различия в ответной реакции на действие фуллерена растений ячменя (Hordeum vulgare L., сорт Якуб), выращенных в гидропонной культуре (в дистиллированной воде и в питательном растворе Кнопа) с добавлением фуллерена C60 (10 или 50 мг/л). В течение вегетации в первом листе оценивали содержание хлорофилла, флавонолов и индекс азотного баланса (NBI). В конце эксперимента определяли относительную скорость потери воды (ОПВ) листьями, а также сухую массу корней и листьев.

Влияние фуллерена на физиолого-биохимические показатели растений ячменя зависело от концентрации данных наночастиц и наличия питательных элементов в среде культивирования. При добавлении 10 мг/л фуллерена все исследованные параметры были, как правило, на уровне контрольных значений. В то же время экспозиция с 50 мг/л фуллерена стимулировала снижение содержания хлорофилла и флавонолов в первом листе, увеличивала ОПВ листьями и замедляла рост растений ячменя, выращиваемых в воде. При внесении 50 мг/л фуллерена в раствор Кнопа содержание хлорофилла в первом листе возрастало, накопление флавонолов практически не менялось, более длительным было повышение NBI. При этом увеличивалась сухая масса листьев, а достоверных изменений ОПВ листьями и роста корня отмечено не было. Предполагается, что различия в чувствительности растений к фуллерену при их выращивании в воде и в питательном растворе Кнопа связаны, с одной стороны, с их анатомо-морфологическими и физиолого-биохимическими особенностями, включая активность механизмов детоксикации, с другой - с возможными изменением физико-химических свойств наночастиц в растворе солей, активацией доставки питательных элементов с помощью фуллерена и влиянием на процессы, обусловливающие замедление старения первого листа.

The differences in the response to the action of fullerene of barley plants (Hordeum vulgare L., cultivar Yakub) grown in water culture (in distillated water or Knop’s nutrient solution) with the addition of fullerene C60 (10 or 50 mg/l) were studied. The content of chlorophyll, flavonols, and nitrogen balance index (NBI) were evaluated in the 1st leaf during the growing. At the end of the experiment, the relative rate of water loss (RWL) by the leaves was determined, as well as the dry mass of the roots and shoots.

The effect of fullerene on the physiological and biochemical parameters of barley plants depended on the concentration of these nanoparticles and the presence of nutrients in the cultivation medium. Under the action of 10 mg/l of fullerene, all investigated parameters were mainly maintained at the level of control values. At the same time, exposure to 50 mg/l of fullerene stimulated a decrease in the content of chlorophyll and flavonols in the first leaf, increased the relative loss of water by the leaves, and slowed down the growth of barley plants grown in water. When 50 mg/l of fullerene was added to the Knop solution, the chlorophyll content in the first leaf increased, the accumulation of flavonols practically did not change, and the NBI increase was more prolonged. In this case, the dry mass of shoots increased, and no significant changes in the relative loss of water by the leaves and root growth were noted. It is assumed that differences in the sensitivity of plants to fullerene during their growth in water and Knop’s nutrient solution are associated, on the one hand, with their anatomical, morphological, and physiological and biochemical characteristics, including the activity of detoxification mechanisms, and, on the other, with possible changes in physicochemical properties nanoparticles in a solution of salts, activation of the delivery of nutrients with the help of fullerene and the influence on the processes that cause the aging of the first leaf to slow down.

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