vestibИзвестия Национальной академии наук Беларуси. Серия биологических наукProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Biological Series1029-89402524-230XThe Republican Unitary Enterprise Publishing House "Belaruskaya Navuka"10.29235/1029-8940-2020-65-3-342-351vestib-693Research ArticleСтатьиСодержание фотосинтетических пигментов в листьях травянистых растений городской среды в условиях воздействия летучих органических соединенийPhotosynthetic pigments content in the urban habitat herbaceous plants leaves under the volatile organic compounds effectТюльковаЕ. Г.TulkovaE. G.

Тюлькова Елена Григорьевна - кандидат биологических наук, доцент.

пр-т Октября, 50, 246029, Гомель.

Elena G. Tulkova - Ph. D. (Biol.), Assistant Professor, Belarusian Trade and Economic University of Consumer Cooperation.

50, Oktyabr Ave., 246029, Gomel.

tut-3@mail.ruКабашниковаЛ. Ф.KabashnikovaL. F.

Кабашникова Людмила Федоровна - член-корреспондент, доктор биологических наук, доцент, заведующий лабораторией.

ул. Академическая, 27, 220072, Минск.

Lyudmila F. Kabashnikova - Corresponding Member, D. Sc. (Biol.), Assistant Professor, Head of the Laboratory, Institute of Biophysics and Cell Engineering of the National Academy of Sciences.

27, Akademicheskaya Str., 220072, Minsk.

kabashnikova@mail.ruБелорусский торгово-экономический университет потребительской кооперацииBelarusian Trade and Economic University of Consumer CooperationИнститут биофизики и клеточной инженерии НАН БеларусиInstitute of Biophysics and Cell Engineering of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus202006082020653342351Copyright © Тюлькова Е.Г., Кабашникова Л.Ф., 20202020Тюлькова Е.Г., Кабашникова Л.Ф.Tulkova E.G., Kabashnikova L.F.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://vestibio.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/693

В связи с происходящими в настоящее время изменениями в структуре промышленного производства необходимы поиск и разработка новых методов оценки загрязнения атмосферного воздуха летучими органическими соединениями. Для достижения этой цели достаточно эффективно могут быть использованы растения.

Изучены характер и закономерности изменения содержания хлорофиллов а, b и каротиноидов в листьях травянистых растений городской среды при разных дозах воздействия летучих органических соединений и их смесей в заданных условиях.

Результаты эксперимента подтвердили гипотезу о наличии особенностей и закономерностей формирования различных уровней пигментов фотосинтеза растений овсяницы тростниковой при действии неодинаковых по степени летучести загрязнителей через 1 и 3 сут после их введения. Также выявлены группы одинаково действующих на содержание пигментов веществ: на ранних этапах после обработки - пентана, гексана (сильнодействующие), бензола, бенз(а)пирена, о-ксилола (действуют слабее), бутилацетата (практически не проявляет ингибирующий эффект); на более поздних сроках - бенз(а)пирена, о-ксилола, пентана (сильнодействующие вещества), бутилацетата, гексана, бензола (действуют слабее).

Результаты проведенных исследований вносят вклад в изучение токсического действия летучих органических соединений на изменение содержания пигментов фотосинтеза и могут быть использованы для разработки методов оценки загрязнения атмосферного воздуха летучими органическими соединениями с использованием пигментов травянистых растений.

It is necessary to find and develop new methods for evaluating open air pollution by volatile organic compounds due to the current changes in the structure of industrial production. While applying these methods, plants can be used quite efficiently. Therefore, the purpose of the article was to study the nature and conditions of change of chlorophylls a, b and carotenoids content in the urban habitat herbaceous plants leaves at different doses of volatile organic compounds and their mixtures effect under the specified experimental conditions.

The results of the experiment show that our hypothesis has been confirmed. It is the following: there are features and conditions of formation in reed fescue plants photosynthetic pigments of different levels under the effect of different amounts of pollutants having various volatility at different stages after their appending. Groups of substances which have the equal effect on pigment content have also been identified: pentane and hexane (have a strong effect) at early stages after treatment; benzene, benz(a)pyrene and o-xylol (have a weaker effect); butylacetate has practically no inhibitory effect; later: benz(a)pyrene, o-xylol and pentane (have a strong effect); butylacetate, hexane and benzene (have a weaker effect).

The results of the studies can be used to develop a method for evaluating open air pollution by volatile organic compounds using herbaceous plants pigments. They contribute to the study of the toxic effects of volatile organic compounds on the change in photosynthetic pigments content.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.