vestibИзвестия Национальной академии наук Беларуси. Серия биологических наукProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Biological Series1029-89402524-230XThe Republican Unitary Enterprise Publishing House "Belaruskaya Navuka"vestib-299Research ArticleОБЗОРЫREVIEWSЦИРКАДНЫЕ РИТМЫ И МЕТАБОЛИЗМ ЛИПИДОВ В ЖИВОТНЫХ КЛЕТКАХ. ЧАСТЬ I. МОЛЕКУЛЯРНО-ГЕНЕТИЧЕСКИЕ АСПЕКТЫ БИОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ ЧАСОВCIRCADIAN RHYTHM AND LIPID METABOLISM IN ANIMAL CELLS. PART I. MOLECULAR AND GENETIC ASPECTS OF THE BIOLOGICAL CLOCKСоболевскаяИ. С.SobolevskayaI. S.

канд. биол. наук, доцент

Ph. D. (Biol.), Assistant Professor

irinabelikovavgmu@yandex.ruМяделецО. Д.MyadeletsO. D.

д-р мед. наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой

D. Sc. (Med.), Professor, Head of the Department

irinabelikovavgmu@yandex.ruПашинскаяЕ. С.PashinskayaE. S.

канд. биол. наук, доцент

Ph. D. (Biol.), Assistant Professor

irinabelikovavgmu@yandex.ruВитебский государственный медицинский университетVitebsk State Medical University20170508201702100111Copyright © Соболевская И.С., Мяделец О.Д., Пашинская Е.С., 20172017Соболевская И.С., Мяделец О.Д., Пашинская Е.С.Sobolevskaya I.S., Myadelets O.D., Pashinskaya E.S.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://vestibio.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/299

В статье обзорного характера рассматриваются вопросы природы, свойств, организации и функционирования циркадных ритмов и их значение в регуляции физиологических процессов. Анализируются также молекулярно- генетические аспекты биологических часов и вопросы их взаимосвязи с метаболизмом липидов. Одними из наиболее важных процессов в организме являются метаболические циркадные ритмы. Установлено, что существует прямая зависимость между синхронозом и процессами регуляции синтеза, всасывания и секреции липидов. При этом связь отмечается на нескольких уровнях: биохимическом, молекулярном и генетическом. Особое внимание уделено влиянию циркадных ритмов на функционирование и строение кожи и жировой ткани, которые, в свою очередь, обладают автономными циркадными осцилляторами. При этом часовые гены регулируют активность многочисленных тканеспецифичных генов, тем самым переводя суточную информацию в физиологически значимые сигналы. Значительная часть работы посвящена вопросам десинхроноза, его причинам и последствиям. Суточные нарушения, вызванные внешними или внутренними факторами, могут привести к срыву регуляторных систем организма, который заключается в развитии метаболических нарушений и тканевых повреждений, что в свою очередь может привести к дезадаптации организма. 

This review (consisting of 2 parts) deals with the subjects of nature, properties, organization and functioning of the circadian rhythm and its importance in the regulation of physiological processes. Molecular and genetic aspects of the biological clock and its interrelation with lipid metabolism are also considered. Metabolic circadian rhythms are among the most important processes in an organism. It is established that there is a direct relationship between synchronicity and the processes of regulation of synthesis, absorption and secretion of lipids. The connection is observed at several levels: biochemical, molecular and genetic. Particular attention is paid to the influence of the circadian rhythm on the functioning and structure of skin and fat tissues which, in its turn, have autonomous circadian oscillators. In this case, the watch genes regulate the activity of numerous tissue-specific genes, thereby translating the daily information into physiologically significant signals. Considerable part of the work is devoted to the issues of desynchronizes, its causes and consequences. Diurnal disorders caused by external or internal factors can lead to disruption of the organism’s regulatory systems, which represents the development of metabolic disorders and tissue damage, which, in turn, can lead to maladaptation of the organism.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.