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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vestib</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия Национальной  академии наук Беларуси. Серия биологических наук</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Biological Series</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1029-8940</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2524-230X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>The Republican Unitary Enterprise Publishing House "Belaruskaya Navuka"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vestib-276</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>РОЛЬ ГИДРОЛИТИЧЕСКИХ ФЕРМЕНТОВ В УСТОЙЧИВОСТИ ЗЛАКОВЫХ КУЛЬТУР К ПРОРАСТАНИЮ ЗЕРНА В КОЛОСЕ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>THE ROLE OF HYDROLYTIC ENZYMES IN CEREAL RESISTANCE TO GRAIN GERMINATION IN THE EAR</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Домаш</surname><given-names>В. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Domash</surname><given-names>V. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р биол. наук, заведующий сектором</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>D. Sc. (Biol.), Head of Department</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">valdomash@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иванов</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivanov</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. биол. наук, ст. науч. сотрудник</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ph. D. (Biol.), Senior researcher</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">valdomash@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гордей</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gordei</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р биол. наук, профессор, гл. науч. сотрудник</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>D. Sc. (Biol.), Professor, Chief scientific employee</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">I.Gordej@igc.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Люсиков</surname><given-names>О. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lyusikov</surname><given-names>O. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>науч. сотрудник</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Scientific employee</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">O.Lyusikov@igc.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гордей</surname><given-names>И. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gordei</surname><given-names>I. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>мл. науч. сотрудник</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Junior scientific employee</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">I_Gordej777@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шарпио</surname><given-names>Т. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sharpio</surname><given-names>T. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>науч. сотрудник</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Researcher</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">I_Gordej777@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Забрейко</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zabreiko</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>науч. сотрудник</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Researcher</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">I_Gordej777@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт экспериментальной ботаники им. В. Ф. Купревича НАН Беларуси</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>V. F. Kuprevich Institute of Experimental Botany of the National Аcademy of Sciences of Belarus</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт генетики и цитологии НАН Беларуси, Минск</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Genetics and Cytology of the National Аcademy of Sciences of Belarus</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2017</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>18</day><month>02</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>77</fpage><lpage>83</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Домаш В.И., Иванов О.А., Гордей И.А., Люсиков О.М., Гордей И.С., Шарпио Т.П., Забрейко С.А., 2017</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2017</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Домаш В.И., Иванов О.А., Гордей И.А., Люсиков О.М., Гордей И.С., Шарпио Т.П., Забрейко С.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Domash V.I., Ivanov O.A., Gordei I.A., Lyusikov O.M., Gordei I.S., Sharpio T.P., Zabreiko S.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestibio.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/276">https://vestibio.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/276</self-uri><abstract><p>Предуборочное прорастание является одной из причин снижения посевных и технологических свойств зерна, что наносит значительный урон. В связи с этим проведены генетико-биохимические исследования этого процесса с целью выяснения роли гидролитических ферментов в устойчивости злаковых культур к прорастанию зерна в колосе. Объектами исследования служили ди- и тетраплоидные формы ржи и гексаплоидные формы тритикале и секалотритикум. В ходе исследования отобраны стабильные и урожайные формы злаковых культур для оценки их устойчивости к прорастанию зерна на корню. Показано, что на прорастание зерна на корню влияет плоидность ржи и тип цитоплазмы гетероплазматических тритикале. Установлен различный уровень активности протеолитических и амилолитических ферментов у исследованных генотипов злаковых культур. У озимого тритикале отмечен более высокий уровень активности нейтральных, щелочных протеаз и α-амилазы. Уровень активности Nα-бензоил-DL-аргинин- n-нитроанилидазы (БАПАазы) составил 7,15–24,4 ЕА/г абс. сух. массы, α-амилазы – 92–118,7 мг/мл∙ч. Показано наличие тесной корреляционной связи между активностью щелочной БАПАазы, α-амилазы и устойчивостью злаковых культур к прорастанию зерна в колосе. Установлена гетерогенность и особенности электрофоретического спектра белков у исследованных генотипов ржи и тритикале. Полученные данные позволили установить причины устойчивости злаковых культур к прорастанию зерна на корню и выявить маркеры для использования в селекции.</p><p> </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Pre-harvesting germination of grain causes a considerable loss and it is one of the reasons for the decline of sowing and technological properties of grain. In this regard, the aim of this work was to elucidate the role of hydrolytic enzymes in the grain crop sustainability to germination in the ear. The object of the study were di- and tetraploid forms of rye and hexaploid forms of triticale and secalotriticum. The research allowed to select a stable and productive form of cereals to evaluate the resistance to grain germination for assessment of resistance to germination of grain at the root. It is shown that the germination of the grain at the root is affected by the ploidy of rye and the type of cytoplasm from heteroplasmic triticale. It is shown different levels of activity of proteolytic and amylolytic enzymes in the studied genotypes of cereals. Winter triticale had a marked higher level of activity of neutral, alkaline protease and α-amylase. Variation in the level of BAPase activity is 7.15– 24.4 EA/g. a. d. m. and α-amylase activity – 92 –118.7 mg/ml∙h. It is shown the close correlation between the activity of alkaline BAPase, α-amylase and resistance to the cereal grain germination in the ear. Heterogeneity of an electrophoretical range of proteins at the studied genotypes of rye and triticale is shown. The obtained data make a contribution to clarification of the reasons underlying the resistance of cereal cultures to germination of grain at the root and open possibilities of identification of their markers for use in selection.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>протеазы</kwd><kwd>α-амилаза</kwd><kwd>электрофорез</kwd><kwd>прорастание</kwd><kwd>рожь</kwd><kwd>тритикале</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>proteases</kwd><kwd>α-amylase</kwd><kwd>electrophoresis</kwd><kwd>germination</kwd><kwd>rye</kwd><kwd>triticale</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Крупнов, В. А. Генетический контроль покоя и устойчивости к предуборочному прорастанию семян у пшеницы / В. А. Крупнов, С. Н. Сибикеев, О. В. Крупнова // С. -х. биол. – 2011. – № 3. – С. 3–16.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Krupnov, V. A., Sibikeev, S. 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