vestibИзвестия Национальной академии наук Беларуси. Серия биологических наукProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Biological Series1029-89402524-230XThe Republican Unitary Enterprise Publishing House "Belaruskaya Navuka"vestib-264Research ArticleОБЗОРЫREVIEWSАДЕНОЗИН КАК ПОТЕНЦИАЛЬНАЯ МИШЕНЬ ДЛЯ БИОТЕРАПИИ РАКАADENOSINE AS A POTENTIAL TARGET FOR CANCER BIOTHERAPYЗинченкоА. И.ZinchenkoA. I.

д-р биол. наук, проф., зав. лабораторией Института

D. Sc. (Biol.), Professor, Head of Laboratory

zinch@mbio.bas-net.byИнститут микробиологии НАН БеларусиБеларусьInstitute of Microbiology of the National Academy of Sciences of BelarusBelarus20161711201604118128Copyright © Зинченко А.И., 20162016Зинченко А.И.Zinchenko A.I.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://vestibio.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/264

В данном обзоре литературы расссматривается роль внеклеточного аденозина в формировании иммуносупрессивного аденозинергического микроокружения солидных опухолей. Вызванное гипоксией накопление внеклеточного аденозина в концентрации 50– 100 мкМ (норма 10–100 нМ) является патофизиологическим признаком широкого круга злокачественных новообразований у человека. У аденозина как сигнальной молекулы выявлено четыре типа поверхностно-клеточных рецепторов, активация которых приводит к ингибированию эффекторных функций цитотоксических Т-лимфоцитов, натуральных киллеров и макрофагов, играющих ключевую роль в противоопухолевых иммунных ответах. Автором предложена идея устранения защиты рака от иммунитета с помощью денозиндезаминазы, слитой с аннексином-А5. По мнению автора, такой химерный белок при введении в организм пациентов, страдающих от онкологических заболеваний, будет связываться только с раковыми клетками и разрушать аденозин, защищающий эти клетки от противоопухолевого иммунитета.

The literature review describes the role of extracellular adenosine in formation of immunosuppressive adenosinergic microenvironment of solid tumors. Hypoxia-induced accumulation of extracellular adenosine in 50–100 μM concentration (cf the normal 10–100 nM) is a pathophysiological indicator of a broad spectrum of human malignant neoplastic diseases. Four types of cell surface receptors for adenosine as the signal molecule have been revealed. Upon activation the receptors cause inhibition of effector functions of cytotoxic T-lymphocytes, native killers and macrophages playing a key part in antitumor immune response. The author of the review proposed the idea to remove the procancer shield from immune attack using adenosine deaminase fused with annexin A5. It was postulated that such chimeric protein injected into the body of cancer patient will bind exclusively with tumor cells and disrupt adenosine protecting them from cancerostatic immune action. 

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.