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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vestib</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия Национальной  академии наук Беларуси. Серия биологических наук</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Biological Series</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1029-8940</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2524-230X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>The Republican Unitary Enterprise Publishing House "Belaruskaya Navuka"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29235/1029-8940-2026-71-4-344-352</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vestib-1036</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Морфологические изменения гепатопанкреаса пресноводных моллюсков при воздействии алифатических спиртов с разной длиной углеродной цепи</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Morphological changes in the hepatopancreas of freshwater mollusks exposed to aliphatic alcohols with different carbon chain lengths</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Вишневская</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vishnevskaya</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Вишневская Мария Викторовна – аспирант </p><p>Московский пр-т, 33, 210038, г. Витебск </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maria V. Vishnevskaya – Postgraduate Student </p><p>33, Moskovskiy Ave., 210038, Vitebsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vishnewskaya.mascha@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-1489-3016</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пинчук</surname><given-names>П. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pinchuk</surname><given-names>P. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Пинчук Полина Юрьевна – аспирант </p><p>Московский пр-т, 33, 210038, г. Витебск </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Polina Yu. Pinchuk – Postgraduate Student </p><p>33, Moskovskiy Ave., 210038, Vitebsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">polina_mileeva@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4345-4136</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чиркин</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chirkin</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Чиркин Александр Александрович – д-р биол. наук, профессор, профессор кафедры</p><p>Московский пр-т, 33, 210038, г. Витебск </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander A. Chirkin – D. Sc. (Biol.), Professor, Professor of the Department</p><p>33, Moskovskiy Ave., 210038, Vitebsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alexchir43@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Витебский государственный университет имени П. М. Машерова</institution><country>Беларусь</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Vitebsk State University named after P. M. Masherov</institution><country>Belarus</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>11</day><month>11</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>71</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>344</fpage><lpage>352</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Вишневская М.В., Пинчук П.Ю., Чиркин А.А., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Вишневская М.В., Пинчук П.Ю., Чиркин А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Vishnevskaya M.V., Pinchuk P.Y., Chirkin A.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestibio.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/1036">https://vestibio.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/1036</self-uri><abstract><p>Алифатические спирты относятся к факторам антропогенного загрязнения водных экосистем. Структурные изменения гепатопанкреаса лёгочных пресноводных моллюсков под их воздействием остаются недостаточно изученными. В работе проведена сравнительная оценка морфологических изменений гепатопанкреаса у катушки роговой (Planorbarius corneus L.) и прудовика обыкновенного (Lymnaea stagnalis L.) при остром воздействии алифатических спиртов с различной длиной углеродной цепи (С1–С6).</p><p>Эксперимент включал экспозицию в течение 1 ч к растворам метанола, этанола, изопропанола, бутанола-1 и гексанола-1 с последующим 48-часовым периодом восстановления. Установлено, что степень морфологических изменений гепатопанкреаса зависела от концентрации и вида спирта. Наиболее выраженные изменения отмечены при воздействии изопропанола, бутанола-1 и гексанола-1. Катушка роговая более устойчива к воздействию спиртов и активнее выделяет слизь, тогда как у прудовика обыкновенного этанол стимулирует репродуктивную активность.</p><p>Полученные результаты подтверждают высокую чувствительность гепатопанкреаса пресноводных моллюсков к алифатическим спиртам. Это обосновывает использование морфологических изменений гепатопанкреаса в качестве биомаркера экотоксикологического мониторинга водных экосистем.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Aliphatic alcohols are among the factors of anthropogenic pollution of aquatic ecosystems. Structural changes in the hepatopancreas of pulmonate freshwater mollusks under their exposure remain insufficiently studied. In this work, a comparative assessment of morphological changes in the hepatopancreas of the ramshorn snail (Planorbarius corneus L.) and the great pond snail (Lymnaea stagnalis L.) was performed following acute exposure to aliphatic alcohols with different carbon chain lengths (C1–C6).</p><p>The experiment involved a one-hour exposure to solutions of methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, butanol-1, and hexanol-1, followed by a 48-hour recovery period. The degree of morphological changes in the hepatopancreas was found to depend on the concentration and type of alcohol. The most pronounced changes were observed following exposure to isopropanol, butanol-1, and hexanol-1. The ramshorn snail was more resistant to alcohol exposure and secreted more mucus, whereas in the great pond snail ethanol stimulated reproductive activity.</p><p>The obtained results confirm the high sensitivity of the hepatopancreas of freshwater mollusks to aliphatic alcohols. This justifies the use of morphological changes in the hepatopancreas as a biomarker for the ecotoxicological monitoring of aquatic ecosystems.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>экотоксикологический мониторинг</kwd><kwd>метанол</kwd><kwd>этанол</kwd><kwd>изопропанол</kwd><kwd>бутанол-1</kwd><kwd>гексанол-1</kwd><kwd>Lymnaea stagnalis L.</kwd><kwd>Planorbarius corneus L.</kwd><kwd>гистологические повреждения</kwd><kwd>биомаркеры</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>ecotoxicological monitoring</kwd><kwd>methanol</kwd><kwd>ethanol</kwd><kwd>isopropanol</kwd><kwd>butanol-1</kwd><kwd>hexanol-1</kwd><kwd>Planorbarius corneus L.</kwd><kwd>Lymnaea stagnalis L.</kwd><kwd>histological damage</kwd><kwd>biomarkers</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена в рамках НИР по теме «Обоснование использования биомаркеров алкогольдегидрогеназы для оценки загрязнения поверхностных вод Белорусского Поозерья алифатическими спиртами» (№ ГР 20251474 от 20.10.2025).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The work was carried out as part of a scientific research project on the topic “Justification of the use of alcohol dehydrogenase biomarkers to assess the pollution of surface waters of the Belarusian Poozerie with aliphatic alcohols” (state registration number 20251474 dated 20 October 2025).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Сидоров, А. 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