vestibИзвестия Национальной академии наук Беларуси. Серия биологических наукProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Biological Series1029-89402524-230XThe Republican Unitary Enterprise Publishing House "Belaruskaya Navuka"10.29235/1029-8940-2026-71-3-204-218vestib-1018Research ArticleСтатьиИзменение активности про-/антиоксидантов проростков ярового ячменя (Hordeum vulga- re L.) в условиях солевого стресса при обработке семян конъюгатами оксикоричных кислот с хитозаномChanges in the activity of pro-/antioxidants in spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) seedlings under salt stress conditions upon seed treatment with chitosan-hydroxycinnamic acid conjugateshttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8662-3908ОвчинниковИ. А.OvchinnikovI. A.

Овчинников Игорь Алексеевич – науч. сотрудник, аспирант

ул. Академическая, 27, 220072, г. Минск

Igor A. Ovchinnikov – Researcher, Postgraduate Student

27, Akademicheskaya Str., 220072, Minsk

igor-1606@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6395-0757КалацкаяЖ. Н.KalatskajaJ. N.

Калацкая Жанна Николаевна – канд. биол. наук, доцент, вед. науч. сотрудник

ул. Академическая, 27, 220072, г. Минск

Joanna N. Kalatskaja – Ph. D. (Biol.), Associate Professor, Leading Researcher

27, Akademicheskaya Str., 220072, Minsk

kalatskayaj@mail.ruНиколайчукВ. В.NikalaichukV. V.

Николайчук Виктория Викторовна – науч. сотрудник, аспирант

ул. Академическая, 27, 220072, г. Минск

Viktoria V. Nikalaichuk – Researcher, Postgraduate Student

27, Akademicheskaya Str., 220072, Minsk

vica10bcn@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3121-0014ГилевскаяК. С.HileuskayaK. S.

Гилевская Ксения Сергеевна – канд. хим. наук, доцент, вед. науч. сотрудник

ул. Академическая, 27, 220072, г. Минск

Kseniya S. Hileuskaya – Ph. D. (Chem.), Associate Professor, Leading Researcher

27, Akademicheskaya Str., 220072, Minsk

k_hilevskay@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9973-6549НедведьЕ. Л.

Недведь Елена Леонардовна – канд. биол. наук, ст. науч. сотрудник

ул. Академическая, 27, 220072, г. Минск

nedvedel76@gmail.comИнститут экспериментальной ботаники имени В. Ф. Купревича Национальной академии наук БеларусиБеларусьV. F. Kuprevich Institute of Experimental Botany of the National Academy of Sciences of BelarusBelarusИнститут химии новых материалов Национальной академии наук БеларусиБеларусьV. F. Kuprevich Institute of Experimental Botany of the National Academy of Sciences of BelarusBelarusИнститут экспериментальной ботаники имени В. Ф. Купревича Национальной академии наук БеларусиBelarus202604082026713204218Copyright © Овчинников И.А., Калацкая Ж.Н., Николайчук В.В., Гилевская К.С., Недведь Е.Л., 20262026Овчинников И.А., Калацкая Ж.Н., Николайчук В.В., Гилевская К.С., Недведь Е.Л.Ovchinnikov I.A., Kalatskaja J.N., Nikalaichuk V.V., Hileuskaya K.S., Недведь Е.Л.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://vestibio.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/1018

Изучено влияние обработки семян конъюгатами хитозана с феруловой (Х30-ФРК) и кофейной (Х30-КФК) кислотами на биометрические показатели и изменение активности компонентов про-/антиоксидантной системы у проростков ярового ячменя (Hordeum vulgare L.) в оптимальных, стрессовых условиях и в репарационный период. Обработка конъюгатом Х30-КФК, обладая слабым стрессовым воздействием, обеспечивает запуск компенсаторных механизмов, которые включают активизацию клеточных процессов репарации и, вероятно, синтеза ферментов de novo. Высокая продолжительная активность при солевом стрессе и в последующий восстановительный период антиоксидантных ферментов, таких как супероксиддисмутаза, пероксидаза (ПО), аскорбатпероксидаза и глутатионредуктаза (ГР), низкие уровни накопления пероксида водорода в корнях и листьях проростков ячменя, поддерживаемые обработкой конъюгатами оксикоричных кислот (ОКК) с хитозаном, преимущественно Х30-КФК, способствовали активной адаптации и ускорению роста проростков ячменя. Установлены различия при действии конъюгатов ОКК на растения, а именно: применение конъюгата Х30-ФРК при переходе растений из кратковременного солевого стресса в постстресс вызвало снижение содержания пролина в листьях, тогда как при обработке конъюгатом Х30-КФК содержание пролина, напротив, повысилось. Активность ПО и ГР в листьях возрастала в репарационный период по сравнению с солевым стрессом при применении конъюгата Х30-КФК, но практически не изменялась в листьях растений в варианте Х30-ФРК.

The effect of seed treatment with chitosan ferulic acid (Ch30-FA) or caffeic acid (Ch30-CA) conjugates on biometric parameters and pro-/antioxidant system activity in spring barley seedlings (Hordeum vulgare L.) was studied under optimal conditions, salt stress, and subsequent recovery. The Ch30-CA conjugate exerted a mild stress effect, triggering compensatory mechanisms that include activation of cellular repair processes and, likely, de novo enzyme synthesis. Treatment with chitosan–hydroxycinnamic acid conjugates, especially Ch30-CA, contributed to sustained high activity of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, POD, APX, GR) and low hydrogen peroxide accumulation in the roots and leaves of barley seedlings under salt stress and during the recovery period. This phenomenon resulted in enhanced adaptive response and accelerated growth of barley seedlings. Differences in the effects of the two conjugates on plants were observed. When applied during the transition from short-term salt stress to the post-stress period, the Ch30-FA conjugate reduced proline content in the leaves, whereas treatment with the Ch30-CA conjugate increased proline content. During the recovery period, POD and GR activities in the leaves increased under Ch30-CA treatment compared to salt stress, while they remained almost unchanged in leaves of plants treated with Ch30-FA.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.