vestibИзвестия Национальной академии наук Беларуси. Серия биологических наукProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Biological Series1029-89402524-230XThe Republican Unitary Enterprise Publishing House "Belaruskaya Navuka"10.29235/1029-8940-2026-71-3-194-203vestib-1017Research ArticleСтатьиВлияние холодового стресса на уровень экспрессии отдельных CBF-генов у сортов озимой пшеницы в моделируемых условияхThe effect of cold stress on the expression level of individual CBF genes in winter wheat varieties under simulated conditionsЗаинчковскаяА. Н.ZainchkovskayaA. N.

Заинчковская Анна Николаевна – науч. сотрудник

ул. Ф. Скорины, 34, 220141, г. Минск

Anna N. Zainchkovskaya – Researcher

34, F. Skorina Str., 220141, Minsk

A.Zainchkovskaya@igc.byФоминаЕ. А.FominaE. A.

Фомина Елена Анатольевна – канд. биол. наук, ст. науч. сотрудник

ул. Ф. Скорины, 34, 220141, г. Минск

Elena A. Fomina – Ph. D. (Biol.), Senior Researcher

34, F. Skorina Str., 220141, Minsk

E.Fomina@igc.byУрбановичО. Ю.UrbanovichO. Yu.

Урбанович Оксана Юрьевна – д-р биол. наук, профессор, заведующий лабораторией

ул. Ф. Скорины, 34, 220141, г. Минск

Oksana Yu. Urbanovich – D. Sc. (Biol.), Professor, Head of the Laboratory

34, F. Skorina Str., 220141, Minsk

O.Urbanovich@igc.byИнститут генетики и цитологии Национальной академии наук БеларусиБеларусьInstitute of Genetics and Cytology of the National Academy of Sciences of BelarusBelarus202604082026713194203Copyright © Заинчковская А.Н., Фомина Е.А., Урбанович О.Ю., 20262026Заинчковская А.Н., Фомина Е.А., Урбанович О.Ю.Zainchkovskaya A.N., Fomina E.A., Urbanovich O.Y.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://vestibio.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/1017

Проведено исследование уровня экспрессии генов CBF3, CBF15.2, CBF19, CBF21 методом ПЦР в режиме реального времени в условиях моделирования холодового стресса у сортов озимой пшеницы Иркутская, Гирлянда и Кубус, обладающих различным уровнем морозостойкости. Показано, что ген CBF3 не экспрессируется при температуре +4 °С. Уровень его экспрессии возрастает по мере снижения температуры до –4 °С и достигает максимума у сорта Гирлянда, превышая значения в контроле в 407 и 363 раза через 2 и 24 ч соответственно. Для гена CBF15.2 выявлено 2 основных пика экспрессии у всех исследуемых сортов через 2 ч после снижения температуры до –2 °С и через 2 ч после снижения температуры до –4 °С. Профиль экспрессии гена CBF19 характеризуется самой выраженной реакцией на воздействие холодового стресса у исследуемых сортов при снижении температуры до +4 °С, а также через 24 ч при ее снижении до –2 °С у сортов Иркутская и Кубус. Наибольшее увеличение уровня экспрессии гена CBF21 (в 45 раз) выявлено для сорта Гирлянда через 24 ч после снижения температуры до –2 °С. Результаты показывают, что уровень экспрессии генов увеличивается как на начальных (гены CBF19 и CBF21), так и на промежуточных (гены CBF3, CBF15.2, CBF19 и CBF21) и конечных этапах (гены CBF3 и CBF15.2) моделирования холодового стресса. Он зависит от генотипа и в целом больше у зимостойкого сорта Гирлянда. Результаты могут быть использованы для оценки потенциала устойчивости образцов пшеницы к холодовому воздействию.

The expression levels of the CBF3, CBF15.2, CBF19, and CBF21 genes were studied using real-time PCR under simulated cold stress conditions in winter wheat varieties Irkutskaya, Girlyanda, and Cubus, which exhibit different levels of frost resistance. It was shown that the CBF3 gene is not expressed at +4 °C. Its expression level increases as the temperature decreases to –4 °C and reaches a maximum in the Girlyanda variety, exceeding the control values by 407.24 and 363.13 times after 2 and 24 hours, respectively. Two main expression peaks were revealed for the CBF15.2 gene in all studied varieties: at 2 hours after temperature decrease to –2 °C and –4 °C, respectively. The CBF19 gene expression profile was characterized by the most pronounced response to cold stress in the studied varieties when the temperature decreased to +4 °C, and 24 hours later when it decreased to –2 °C in the Irkutskaya and Cubus varieties. The greatest increase in the CBF21 gene expression level (44.61 times) was revealed for the Girlyanda variety 24 hours after the temperature decreased to –2 °C. The results show that the gene expression level increased at both the initial (CBF19 and CBF21 genes), intermediate (CBF3, CBF15.2, CBF19 and CBF21 genes) and final stages (CBF3 and CBF15.2 genes) of cold stress modeling. It depends on the genotype and is generally higher in the winter-hardy Girlyanda variety. The results can be used to assess the potential of wheat accessions to tolerate cold stress.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.