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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vestib</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия Национальной  академии наук Беларуси. Серия биологических наук</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Biological Series</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1029-8940</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2524-230X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>The Republican Unitary Enterprise Publishing House "Belaruskaya Navuka"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29235/1029-8940-2026-71-3-183-193</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vestib-1016</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние патогенного гриба Bipolaris sorokiniana (Sacc.) Shoem. на деградацию хлорофилла в листьях проростков ярового ячменя (Hordeum vulgare L.)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The effect of the pathogenic fungus Bipolaris sorokiniana (Sacc.) Shoem. on chlorophyll degradation in the seedlings of spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Викс</surname><given-names>Т. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Viks</surname><given-names>T. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Викс Татьяна Николаевна – науч. сотрудник</p><p>ул. Академическая, 27, 220072, г. Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatsiana N. Viks – Researcher</p><p>27, Akademicheskaya Str., 220072, Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vikstatiana@ibce.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кабашникова</surname><given-names>Л. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kabashnikova</surname><given-names>L. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кабашникова Людмила Федоровна – член-корреспондент, д-р биол. наук, профессор, заведующий лабораторией</p><p>ул. Академическая, 27, 220072, г. Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Liudmila F. Kabashnikova – Corresponding Member, D. Sc. (Biol.), Professor, Head of the Laboratory</p><p>27, Akademicheskaya Str., 220072, Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kabashnikova@ibce.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт биофизики и клеточной инженерии Национальной академии наук Беларуси</institution><country>Беларусь</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Biophysics and Cell Engineering of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus</institution><country>Belarus</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>04</day><month>08</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>71</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>183</fpage><lpage>193</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Викс Т.Н., Кабашникова Л.Ф., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Викс Т.Н., Кабашникова Л.Ф.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Viks T.N., Kabashnikova L.F.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestibio.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/1016">https://vestibio.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/1016</self-uri><abstract><p>Изучение механизмов защитных реакций растений при патогенезе тесно связано с выяснением роли хлоропластов как внутриклеточных сенсоров, тонко реагирующих на внешние раздражители. Важным критерием оценки степени развития патологического процесса в растениях является количество хлорофилла, которое определяется балансом между процессами биосинтеза и распада молекул пигмента в растительной клетке. Объектом исследования являлись первые листья зеленых проростков ярового ячменя (Hordeum vulgare L.) пленчатого сорта белорусской селекции Рейдер. Проростки разного возраста (3-, 7- и 10-дневные) заражали спорами гриба Bipolaris sorokiniana (Sacc.) Shoem. - возбудителя гельминтоспориоза и через 48 ч после инокуляции проводили анализ начальных стадий деградации хлорофилла по активности основного гидролитического фермента - хлорофиллазы и содержанию хлорофиллида и феофитина в первых листьях ячменя. Обнаружены онтогенетические различия процесса деградации фитолсодержащих хлорофилловых пигментов, а также возрастание активности хлорофиллазы и степени феофитинизации пигментов под влиянием патогенного гриба B. sorokiniana. Пигментные показатели, такие как содержание фитольных и бесфитольных форм хлорофилла и содержание феофитина, могут быть использованы в качестве критериев для ранней диагностики поражения растений ячменя грибным патогеном и для оценки степени инфекционного заражения.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The study of the mechanisms of plant defense reactions during pathogenesis is closely related to the elucidation of the role of chloroplasts as intracellular sensors that sensitively respond to external stimuli. An important criterion for assessing the severity of development of the pathological process in plants is the amount of chlorophyll, which is determined by the balance between the processes of biosynthesis and breakdown of pigment molecule in the plant cell. The objects of the study were the seedlings of spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) chaffy variety Raider of Belarusian selection. Seedlings of different ages (3-, 7-, and 10-day-old) were infected with spores of the fungus Bipolaris sorokiniana (Sacc.) Shoem., the causative agent of helminthosporiosis. Forty-eight hours after inoculation, an analysis of the initial stages of chlorophyll degradation was carried out based on the activity of the main hydrolytic enzyme, chlorophyllase, and the content of chlorophyllide and pheophytin in the primary barley leaves. Ontogenetic differences in the degradation process of phytol-containing chlorophyll pigments, as well as an increase in chlorophyllase activity and the degree of pheophytinization of pigments under the influence of the pathogenic fungus B. sorokiniana were discovered. Pigment indicators such as the content of phytolic and non-phytolic forms of chlorophyll and the content of pheophytin can be used as criteria for the early diagnosis of barley plant damage by a fungal pathogen and for assessing the degree of degree of infection.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>хлорофилл</kwd><kwd>хлорофиллаза</kwd><kwd>феофитин</kwd><kwd>яровой ячмень</kwd><kwd>Hordeum vulgare L.</kwd><kwd>гельминтоспориоз</kwd><kwd>Bipolaris sorokiniana (Sacc.) Shoem</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>chlorophyll</kwd><kwd>chlorophyllase</kwd><kwd>pheophytin</kwd><kwd>spring barley</kwd><kwd>Hordeum vulgare L.</kwd><kwd>helminthosporiasis</kwd><kwd>Bipolaris sorokiniana (Sacc.) Shoem</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена при финансовой поддержке БРФФИ (проект № Б24М-010). Авторы выражают благодарность сотрудникам Научно-практического центра НАН Беларуси по земледелию: А. А. Зубковичу, канд. с.-х. наук, руководителю отдела ячменя, за научную консультацию и предоставленный семенной материл сорта ярового ячменя Рейдер, а также Ю. А. Сущевич, канд. с.-х. наук, заведующему лабораторией иммунитета, за предоставленную культуру гриба B. sorokiniana и консультации по его выращиванию и процедуре инокуляции растений.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The work was carried out with the financial support of the BRFFR (project No. B24M-010). The authors express their gratitude to the staff of the Scientific and Practical Center of the National Academy of Scienc es of Belarus for Agriculture: Zubkovich A. A., Ph. D. (Agr.), the Head of the Barley Department, for scientific advice and provided seed material of the spring barley variety Raider, as well as Yu. A. Sushchevich, Ph. D. (Agr.), the Head of the La-  boratory of Immunity for provided a culture of the fungus B. sorokiniana and advice on its cultivation and plant inoculation procedure.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Унифицированный классификатор ячменя Hordeum L. spp. / Ф. И. Привалов, И. С. Матыс, А. А. Зубкович [и др.]; НАН Беларуси, Науч.-практ. центр по земледелию. – Мн.: [б. и.], 2012. – 44 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Privalov F. I., Matys I. S., Zubkovich A. A., Poznyak E. I., Shashko Yu. K., Sushchevich Yu. A., Kadyrov M. A. Unified classifier of barley Hordeum L. spp. Minsk, s. n., 2012. 44 p. 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